Affect Recognition
This survey describes the advances in affect recognition from the first emotion theories and models to affective computer techniques used in affect detection. These techniques allow the recognition of human body physical features, such as the facial expre
- PDF / 88,735 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 16 Downloads / 188 Views
Affect Recognition Raquel Faria and Ana Almeida
Abstract This survey describes the advances in affect recognition from the first emotion theories and models to affective computer techniques used in affect detection. These techniques allow the recognition of human body physical features, such as the facial expression, voice intonation, gestures or movements and physiological aspects such as respiration, skin color, temperature, heartbeat, blood pressure, pupillary dilation. Emotions can then, be inferred from the referred features analysis performed according to any chosen emotion theory.
30.1
Introduction
Human to human communication depends on the interpretation of a mix of audiovisual and sensorial signals. To simulate the same behavior in a human-machine interface the computer has to be able to detect alterations in the affective state and behavior and modify its interaction accordingly. The field of Affective Computing (AC) develops systems and mechanisms that are able to recognize, interpret and simulate human emotions [1] so closing the gap between man and machine. The AC was developed by Rosalind Picard in 1995 as a tool to improve the interface humanmachine by including affective connotations. One of the problems of understanding
R. Faria (*) Computer Science Department, Institute of Engineering – Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), Porto, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] A. Almeida (*) Computer Science Department, Institute of Engineering – Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), Porto, Portugal GECAD – Knowledge Engineering and Decision Support Research Center, Institute of Engineering – Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), Porto, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] A. Madureira et al. (eds.), Computational Intelligence and Decision Making: Trends and 323 Applications, Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering 61, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4722-7_30, # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
324
R. Faria and A. Almeida
affects and its effect on cognition is that affective state information is hard to measure. To sense without interfering implies the development of techniques that are nonintrusive, but with the highest percentage of accuracy.
30.2
Affective Theories
The study of affect is included in different fields of science such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, engineering, computer science, sociology, philosophy, and medicine. This has contributed to different understanding of basic terms related to affect such as emotions, feelings, moods, attitudes, affective styles, temperament, motivation, attention, reward, and so many others [1]. One of the problems of studying affect, is the definition of what it is emotion. Moreover, the definition and the terms associated to it. Nearly hundreds of definitions of emotion have been registered since 1981 [2]. Emotion plays an important role in the decision process and knowledge acquisition of an individual. Therefore, they directly influence our perception, learning process, the way we communicate, and the way we make rat
Data Loading...
