Air-Kerma to Personal Dose Equivalent $$\mathbf{H}_{\mathbf{p}}\mathbf{(0.07,\boldsymbol{\alpha})}$$ Conversion Coeffici
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IOPHYSICS AND MEDICAL PHYSICS
Air-Kerma to Personal Dose Equivalent H p (0.07, α) Conversion Coefficients for Monoenergetic Photons H. Al Kanti1* , O. El Hajjaji1, and T. El Bardouni1 1
Radiations and Nuclear Systems Laboratory, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences, Tetouan, Morocco Received January 15, 2020; revised February 13, 2020; accepted February 17, 2020
Abstract—This study aims to calculate the air Kerma to personal dose equivalent conversion coefficients Hp (0.07) for mono-energetic photons from 0.015 to 10 MeV for angles of incidence from 0◦ to a 75◦ in steps of 15◦ using Monte Carlo (MC). In addition to this, we propose a new equation to perform an analytical fit of our Monte Carlo calculated conversion coefficients for photons. Hp (0.07)/Kair values have been determined by two terms: in term of absorbed dose, according to the definition of this quantity, and also with the term of Kerma approximation. The results obtained are compared to those published in Joint report of ICRU and ICRP, 2017. A good agreement with reference data with a local difference less than 2% was observed. Keywords: personal dose equivalent; conversion coefficients;photons; analytical fit; MC. DOI: 10.3103/S002713492003011X
1. INTRODUCTION
protection quantity effective dose is the approximation of the protection quantity effective dose which, recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), when performing personal dosimeter calibrations [3]. In case the human body is exposed to radiation, it is important to estimate the organ doses to those exposed but is difficult to measure organ dose directly in the field and therefore dose conversion coefficients are needed to convert measurable values such as airkerma to organ dose [1].
The protection quantities and the operational quantities were developed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU); respectively. The protection quantities include the absorbed dose in an organ or tissue, equivalent dose, and effective dose. The operational quantities include area monitoring (ambient dose equivalent denoted as H ∗ (d), directional dose equivalent denoted as H (d, Ω)) and individual monitoring (personal dose equivalent denoted as Hp (d)). Fundamental characteristic of the protection quantities is that they are only calculable. So, the ICRU developed the operational quantities aim to provide a reasonable estimate, generally conservative, for the value of the protection quantities related to potential exposure or an exposure of persons under most irradiation conditions [1, 2]. The conversion coefficients are based on values of the protection or operational quantity to a radiometric or dosimetric quantity such as absorbed dose in local skin, absorbed dose in the lens of the eye, and effective dose [19]. The personal dose equivalent, is the approximation of the *
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To prevent the occurrence of a reaction in tissues (deterministic eff
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