Algebraic Structure of Knot Modules
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		    772 Jerome P. Levine
 
 Algebraic Structure of Knot Modules II
 
 I
 
 III II
 
 I III
 
 Author Jerome P. Levine Department of Mathematics Brandeis University Waltham, MA 02154 USA
 
 AMS Subject Classifications (1980): 13C05, 57 Q 4 5
 
 ISBN 3 - 5 4 0 - 0 9 ? 3 9 - 2 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg NewYork ISBN 0 - 3 8 ? - 0 9 ? 3 9 - 2 Springer-Verlag NewYork Heidelberg Berlin Library of Congress Cataloging in PublicationData Levine,JeromeP 193?Algebraic structure of knot modules. (Lecture notes in mathematics;772) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Knot theory. 2. Modules(Algebra)3. Invariants. I. Title. II. Series: Lecture notes in mathematics(Berlin); 772. QA3.L28 no. 772 [QA612.2] 510s [514'.224] 80-246 ISBN 0-38?-09?39-2 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount of the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1980 Printed in Germany
 
 TABLE
 
 OF
 
 CONTENTS
 
 Introduction i.
 
 The
 
 derived
 
 exact
 
 2.
 
 Finite
 
 3.
 
 Realization
 
 4.
 
 A. of i
 
 5.
 
 Product
 
 6.
 
 Classification
 
 7.
 
 Rational
 
 8.
 
 Z-torsion-free
 
 9.
 
 H-only
 
 sequences
 
 1 4
 
 modules of
 
 finite
 
 finite
 
 modules
 
 6 8
 
 modules
 
 structure
 
 on
 
 of
 
 finite
 
 derived
 
 modules
 
 product
 
 9 16
 
 structure
 
 18
 
 invariants modules
 
 20
 
 torsion
 
 21
 
 I0.
 
 Statement
 
 of
 
 realization
 
 ii.
 
 Inductive
 
 construction
 
 12.
 
 Inductive
 
 recovery
 
 of
 
 13.
 
 Homogeneous
 
 and
 
 elementary
 
 14.
 
 Realization
 
 of
 
 15.
 
 Classification
 
 16.
 
 Completion
 
 17.
 
 Classification
 
 of
 
 18.
 
 Classification
 
 fails
 
 i9.
 
 Product
 
 20.
 
 Classification
 
 21.
 
 Realization
 
 22.
 
 Product
 
 of
 
 of
 
 derived
 
 derived
 
 sequences
 
 24 26
 
 sequences
 
 32
 
 modules
 
 elementary of
 
 23
 
 theorem
 
 34
 
 modules
 
 elementary
 
 36
 
 modules
 
 proof
 
 structure
 
 structure
 
 H-primary
 
 on of
 
 of
 
 39
 
 in
 
 product on
 
 degree
 
 H-primary
 
 product
 
 40
 
 modules 4
 
 46
 
 modules
 
 48 53
 
 structure structure
 
 semi-homogeneous
 
 on
 
 homogeneous modules
 
 modules
 
 59 68
 
 JV
 
 23.
 
 A
 
 non-semi-homogeneous
 
 24.
 
 Rational
 
 25.
 
 Non-singular
 
 26.
 
 Norm
 
 27.
 
 Dedekind
 
 28.
 
 A
 
 29.
 
 Computation
 
 30.
 
 Determination
 
 of
 
 ideal
 
 class
 
 31.
 
 The
 
 symmetric
 
 case
 
 classification
 
 for
 
 quadratic
 
 over
 
 reduction
 
 domain
 
 lattice
 
 75 85 88 90 92
 
 criterion
 
 low-degree
 
 structure
 
 a Dedekind
 
 p-adic
 
 Dedekind of
 
 product
 
 a non-singular
 
 criterion:
 
 computable
 
 References
 
 of
 
 lattices
 
 criterion
 
 70
 
 module
 
 cases group
 
 95 96 98 102
 
 INTRODUCTION In the study of n-dimensional spheres
 
 in (n + 2)-space,
 
 A-modules
 
 AI,
 
 ..., A n
 
 A = Z[t, t-l], These modules
 
 knots,
 
 one encounters
 
 (the Alexander
 
 i.e.
 
 imbedded n-
 
 a collection
 
 modules),
 
 of
 
 where
 
 the ring of integral Laurent polynomials. encompass
 
 many of the classical
 
 knot invari-
 
 ants. T		
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