Algorithms for Selecting and Interconnecting Switches to Automate Power Grids Considering Continuity Indexes and Reliabi
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Algorithms for Selecting and Interconnecting Switches to Automate Power Grids Considering Continuity Indexes and Reliability Rafael R. C. Vaz1 · Ricardo A. P. Franco1
· Henrique P. Corrêa1 · Flávio H. T. Vieira1 · Sérgio G. Araújo1
Received: 12 September 2018 / Revised: 9 December 2018 / Accepted: 9 March 2019 © Brazilian Society for Automatics–SBA 2019
Abstract In this paper, a method is presented for the deployment of switch clusters to automate distribution grids. The proposed methodology consists in choosing feeders of a self-healing system based on their performances in relation to the System Average Interruption Duration Index, the number of consumers, the compensation and to the probabilities of the current to exceed the pickup limit. To this end, it is proposed to consider statistical analysis of current values using decision theory and binary linear programming to determine the priorities of switch clusters. In addition, the problem of allocating communication links for commanding automated breakers in a distribution power grid is also addressed. The application of a multi-objective genetic algorithm is considered for optimizing link choice where costs and network reliability are objective functions. A novel heuristic is proposed for attributing reliability values to the links in terms of the subjacent power grid, inducing optimization convergence toward network topologies in which breakers at areas with higher fault indexes receive more communication resources. Keywords Self-healing · Continuity indexes · Network reliability · Switch positioning · Automate power grid
1 Introduction The planning of modern distribution networks is becoming more complex with the development of new electrical components, energy storage units and high penetration due to the growth of distributed generation (Georgilakis and Hatziargyriou 2013; Zidar et al. 2016). Across the distribution network, the load variation may exceed the maximum ampacity of the distribution cables, causing overheating and consequently opening the circuit or even producing physical damages. These events interrupt
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Ricardo A. P. Franco [email protected] Rafael R. C. Vaz [email protected] Henrique P. Corrêa [email protected] Flávio H. T. Vieira [email protected] Sérgio G. Araújo [email protected]
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electric energy supply for consumers, causing great inconvenience to society and fines to the energy utility. Therefore, it is necessary to map which circuits are overloaded and which are capable of receiving more load in order to apply a selfhealing technique (El-hawary 2014; Cao et al. 2017) to the energy system so that the load transference can be safely carried out. The self-healing concept refers to the ability of the network, when detected a disturbance, to isolate the problem, reduce the maximum number of affected clients and to return the network to its normal state (El-hawary 2014). In this way, mechanisms are required to transform a simple electrical network into a Smart network, using the most appropriate t
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