Allelopathic effects of switchgrass on redroot pigweed and crabgrass growth
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Allelopathic effects of switchgrass on redroot pigweed and crabgrass growth Aoxin Li . Ruilun Zheng . Li Tian . Yun Wei . Juying Wu . Xincun Hou
Received: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Non-native invasive plant species influence plant community composition and competitively eradicate native species. However, there is doubt regarding how global invasive species increase and explosively interfere with native plants. Invasive plants always have strong allelopathic potential. In this study, allelopathic effects of switchgrass on redroot pigweed and crabgrass growth were investigated by field and laboratory experiments. Within a 0.4-m distance of switchgrass, density and shoot biomass of native species were significantly suppressed in the field, with 95.1% and 93.0% inhibition on density of redroot pigweed and crabgrass and with 99.0% and 97.7% inhibition on shoot biomass, respectively, during the third growing season. Significant inhibitory effects on shoot and root biomass were observed at the 5:5 (switchgrass–native species)
proportion in glass bottles, by 41.57% and 51.21% for shoot and root biomass of redroot pigweed and by 33.42% and 56.95% for shoot and root biomass of crabgrass, respectively. Results of a glass bottle experiment showed that shoot and root biomass of redroot pigweed and crabgrass could be significantly inhibited by contact with switchgrass root. Results of a Petri dish experiment showed that aqueous extracts of switchgrass significantly inhibited germination process of both species at high concentrations, with 90.74% and 18.62% inhibition on germination rate and plumule length of redroot pigweed and with 63.59%, 16.38%, and 19.92% inhibition on germination rate, plumule, and radicle lengths of crabgrass, respectively, at the concentration of 0.1 gmL-1. This report demonstrated that switchgrass had allelopathic effects on redroot pigweed and crabgrass growth.
Communicated by Chuihua Kong.
Keywords Switchgrass Redroot pigweed Crabgrass Allelopathy
A. Li R. Zheng L. Tian J. Wu (&) X. Hou (&) Research and Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China e-mail: [email protected] X. Hou e-mail: [email protected] A. Li Y. Wei State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
Introduction Plant–plant interaction is a fundamental problem in ecology. Plants performance may be affected by neighboring plants, either positively or negatively (Xia et al. 2016). Many non-native plant species may have inhibitory effects on growth of native species.
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Plant Ecol
These plants also bring about invasive risk by competing for resources or by allelopathy through releasing allelochemicals into the environment (Rice 1984). Plant allelopathy, a plant–plant interference mechanism, is defined as the stimulatory or inhibitory (commonly inhibitory) effe
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