Alternate energy source selection in Gilgit Baltistan Pakistan using geographical information system and analytical hier
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Alternate energy source selection in Gilgit Baltistan Pakistan using geographical information system and analytical hierarchy process S. Iqbal1 · S. M. Ali1 · A. Islam1 · S. N. F. Zaidi1 · I. Ali2 Received: 16 May 2019 / Accepted: 6 May 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract Accessing subsequent use of energy is a keyαα to prosperity and sovereignty. Energy system needs to be transformed from fossil-fuels to renewable energy efficient technologies. It is vital to harness the highest possible amount of solar energy due to long sunshine hours and high insulation levels in Pakistan. The study aims to identify potential sites for solar energy in Gilgit Baltistan Pakistan using Geographical Information System and Analytical Hierarchy process. Three main factors Environmental (distance from residential areas and land use), Economic (aspect, slope, and proximity to transmission lines and roads) and Physical (solar irradiance) were considered and weights were assigned to these factors based on their relative importance. The results reveal that Gilgit Baltistan has potential for solar power development as it receives solar radiation greater than 4 kWh/m2/day from April to September. Land suitability analysis has revealed that 10% (6706 km2) and 9% (5590.08 km2) of the area are very highly suitable for harnessing solar potential sites in Gilgit Baltistan using Pakistan Meteorological Department data and National Renewable Energy Laboratory solar data respectively. While District Diamir has 15% and 13%, Gilgit has 14% and 13%) and Ghizer has 11% and 12% potential for Photo Voltaic solar power systems installation based on both Pakistan Meteorological Department and National Renewable Energy Laboratory solar data. This study supports the decision makers and investors to look into the possibility for installation of Photo Voltaic solar energy systems. Keywords Solar energy · Solar system · Geospatial analysis · Photo voltaic system. · Renewable energy
Introduction In today’s world, the essential component of country’s economy is sustainable consumption of energy and being selfsufficient towards subsequent use of energy. It is estimated that about 80% of the global energy use depends on fossil fuels viz., coal (28%), crude oil (31%) and natural gas (22%) (Tahri et al. 2015). High energy demand results in depletion of fossil fuels and has a wide impact on global economy, climate and environment. Awareness about the environmental Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42108-020-00076-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * S. M. Ali [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Basic and Applied Science, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Transport, Planning and Traffic Engineering Unit (TPU), Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
2
problems has resulted in the development of cleaner and renewable energy sources (Uyan 2013
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