Amps, Pre-Amps, Pre-Pre-Amps
A short discussion on the purpose of the book, amplifiers, pre-amplifiers, pre-pre-amplifiers and the different types of phono pre-amps that form the basis to look at in the following chapters.
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Burkhard Vogel
The Sound of Silence Lowest-Noise RIAA Phono-Amps: Designer’s Guide
123
Dipl.-Ing. Burkhard Vogel BUVOCON-Burkhard Vogel Consult GmbH 70180 Stuttgart, Germany
ISBN 978-3-540-76883-8
e-ISBN 978-3-540-76884-5
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-76884-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007943155 © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Coverdesign: WMX Design GmbH, Heidelberg Production: le-tex publishing services oHG, Leipzig Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com
To Beate
“Noise analysis can be a daunting task at first and is an unfamiliar territory for many design engineers.” Glen Brisebois Design note 355 Linear Technology
“Noise – it’s the amplifier’s tinnitus! No chance to fight it!” A valve enthusiastic ENT doc in a discussion with the author 2006
“A kingdom for a piece of wire with gain!” Frustrated design engineer
Preface
It is still a challenge to develop a low-noise amplifier – despite the fact that nowadays (2007) nearly every solution of an electronic question of the consumer world can be solved by digital means. There is a wide field of tasks left that can only be satisfyingly attacked with the help of old-fashioned analogue technology: sensors that are coupled to the existing and living world around us are always confronted with analogue signals. Those – in most cases – tiny signals have to be amplified and treated with unbelievably high electronic care. Therefore, frustration on noisy devices should always be turned around into motivation for the search of nearly noiseless solutions! As a producer of such tiny analogue signals the vinyl record (33 1/3 LP and 45 Single/Maxi) is a typical representative of our yesterday – 20th century – life. Despite the nearly 100% digitization of the consumer world it is still alive – with growing sales revenues around the world. One should expect that all secrets of the amplifier chain that transfers the signals out of the record’s grooves to our ears are well known. Yes and no! Much is written about distortion, overload matters, noise, phase angles, frequency response, etc1 . Most technical aspects of amplifiers and sensors were well described. But simple questions like e.g.: “my moving-magnet cartr