An advanced perception model combining brain noise and adaptation
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ORIGINAL PAPER
An advanced perception model combining brain noise and adaptation Parth Chholak
. Alexander E. Hramov
. Alexander N. Pisarchik
Received: 10 January 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract We develop an advanced model of bistable perception based on the interplay of noise and adaptation. The model describes the decisionmaking process in the brain consisting in involuntary switches between perceptual states. We study the effects of noise and the stimulus duty cycle on the dominance of a particular externally biased perceptual state. We discuss the biological relevance of our model and compare the obtained numerical results with neurophysiological experiments on brain dynamics. The model qualitatively describes the results of neurophysiological experiments on human perception using bistable images, such as gamma distribution of average dominance times and the effect of brain noise on sustained attention. Keywords Adaptation Bistable perception Brain noise Perception Bistability
P. Chholak (&) A. N. Pisarchik Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Campus Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarco´n, Spain e-mail: [email protected] A. N. Pisarchik e-mail: [email protected] A. E. Hramov A. N. Pisarchik Center for Technologies in Robotics and Mechatronics Component, Innopolis University, 1 Universitetskaya Str., Innopolis, The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia 420500
1 Introduction The thinking process in the brain, as a multistable dynamical system, can be considered as alternative switching between coexisting mental states [23]. These switches can be either spontaneous or initiated by external stimulation, but in both cases they are triggered by neuronal brain noise. Inherent brain noise was experimentally detected in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons as 1/f noise (or pink noise) in membrane potential fluctuations [22]. This kind of noise is common in biological systems, including human cognition [14]. Hausdorff & Peng [16] suggested that a possible source of 1/f noise results from different time scales of biological processes. Recently, endogeneous brain noise was estimated in neurophysiological experiments using electroencephalography (EEG) [45] and magnetoencephalography (MEG) [41] in subjects observing ambiguous images. A particular case of perceptional bistability with two interpretations of an ambiguous visual stimulus was widely studied in experiments based on binocular rivalry and ambiguity in geometry, figure-ground, and motion direction (for comprehensive review see [1, 30, 33]). Inherent brain noise is known to induce switches between coexisting perceptual states during prolonged gazing of a multistable image [4]. Let us consider, for instance, a bistable image, such as the Necker cube, which can be interpreted as either left- or right-oriented. Viewing this figure for a
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prolonged time a spontaneous alternation between the two percepts takes
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