An analysis of wind conditions at pedestrian level in the selected types of multi-family housing developments
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An analysis of wind conditions at pedestrian level in the selected types of multi‑family housing developments Marta Poćwierz1 · Katarzyna Zielonko‑Jung2 Received: 22 September 2019 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The following article addresses the issue of wind conditions around urban building development at pedestrian level. Factors that depend on those issues include wind comfort and air quality within urbanized spaces. The conditions specific of cities located in a temperate climate zone have been taken into account. The article is intended to identify aerodynamic phenomena characteristic of the three basic types of multi-family building development (section, linear, quarter). For each type of buildings, three different variants were considered on the basis of land use efficiency (low, medium, high) each type of buildings is characterised with. The models illustrate the patterns observed within European urban planning thought and have been developed in accordance with contemporary architectural and urban conditions, as well as with legal requirements and good practices in force in Poland. Experimental research in the wind tunnel has been conducted by means of two complementary field methods (visualization and erosion). The application of these two methods made it possible to obtain data on airflow direction layouts and on changes in airflow velocity. Subsequently, the results obtained in the study have been compared. Thus, more and less favourable geometrical layouts in respect to aerodynamic phenomena have been indicated. Keywords Environmental wind engineering · Airflow around buildings · Sustainable city · Multi-family housing · Urban planning
1 Introduction Development of modern big cities gives rise to a number of issues, one of which seems especially serious, namely the need to improve the quality of big city mesoclimate conditions. Mesoclimate conditions are related to wind phenomena, which play a vital role in * Katarzyna Zielonko‑Jung katarzyna.zielonko‑[email protected] Marta Poćwierz [email protected] 1
Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Nowowiejska 24 Street, 00‑665 Warsaw, Poland
2
Faculty of Architecture, Department of Environmental Design, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80‑233 Gdańsk, Poland
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Environmental Fluid Mechanics
ensuring proper ventilation of urban spaces, allow for temperature regulation and pollution removal. In temperate climate zone, a necessity arises to limit the occurrence of phenomena that either excessively intensify airflow velocity (for the sake of pedestrian comfort and for protection of buildings against excessive cooling) or that limit air circulation. The latter goal is crucial in order to avoid the problem of urban heat island, as well as to minimise the problem of smog, both of which are troublesome for big cities. Research on airflow around buildings has been intensively developing si
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