An Application of GIS-Linked Biofuel Supply Chain Optimization Model for Various Transportation Network Scenarios in Nor
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An Application of GIS-Linked Biofuel Supply Chain Optimization Model for Various Transportation Network Scenarios in Northern Great Plains (NGP), USA Hyunju Jeong 1 & Rifat A. Karim 2 & Heidi L. Sieverding 2 & James J. Stone 2 Received: 30 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Industrial oilseed and lignocellulosic crops can be produced on marginal lands. These advanced biofuel feedstock crops are critical to increase the production of renewable liquid fuels. However, rural areas with significant, existing amounts of available marginal cropland have spartan infrastructure, and it is costly to transport feedstocks and bioproducts within and from these regions. Therefore, it is important to consider varied feedstock and co-product transportation network options and supply chain optimization. This study applied a supply chain optimization model linked with geographical information system (GIS) developed using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for the northern Great Plains (NGP) region. An investigation on the influence of petroleum product pipeline usage and/or new infrastructure development on supply chain optimization was performed, and optimum routes were suggested. Four different multimodal transport routes of oilseed, biodiesel, livestock meal, and the capacities of biodiesel plants were evaluated for cost optimization. Selective rural rail infrastructure redevelopment of abandoned lines and strategically improving connectivity by adding 380 km of line could reduce biofuel transportation costs by up to 38%. Using existing petroleum pipeline in Montana reduced costs of biofuel transport; however, pipelines had little effect within the Dakotas. Railroad construction was the most effective mechanism to reduce transportation costs in both North and South Dakota. Variables such as transloading and construction costs, topographical constraints, and transportation network boundary could be used to further improve the optimization model and results. Keywords Supply chain optimization . GIS network analysis . Biodiesel supply chain . Petroleum product pipeline . Infrastructure development
Introduction To ensure future energy security and sustainability, we need to focus on producing renewable energy. Biofuels are one of the renewable energy sources that have gained attention [1]. Corn (Zea mays) is widely used for biofuel production. But corn and other first-generation feedstocks are water intensive and used as human food sources, thus contributing to global water and food security issues [2]. Feedstock alternatives like industrial oilseeds such as camelina (Camelina sativa), carinata (Brassica carinata), and pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) and * James J. Stone [email protected] 1
College of Engineering and Computer Science, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
2
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
grasses such as sorghum-sudangrass
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