An empirical correlation between erythemal UVB and global irradiation developed for a single site and tested at two site
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ORIGINAL PAPER
An empirical correlation between erythemal UVB and global irradiation developed for a single site and tested at two sites in Israel Avraham Kudish 1,2
&
Efim G. Evseev 1
Received: 8 March 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract An empirical correlation to predict the terrestrial erythemal UVB irradiation under all sky conditions as a function of a single measured parameter, global irradiation, which is available at most meteorological stations is proposed. A database consisting of measurements performed in Beer Sheva between 1996 and 2018 was divided into two sets. A primary data set consisting of measurements between 1996 and 2011 (5553 days) was utilized to develop the empirical correlation. Two secondary data sets consisting of measurements performed at Beer Sheva (1272 days) and Neve Zohar (1047 days) between January 2012 and September 2018 were used to validate the correlation. The results of the statistical analysis of the primary data reported in terms of %MBE, %RMSE, and the correlation coefficient R were − 0.01, 14.85, and 0.947, respectively. The statistical analysis for the validation procedures gives the following results: %MBE, %RMSE, and R for Beer Sheva were − 0.57, 19.80, and 0.914, respectively, and 0.95, 18.49, and 0.950 for Neve Zohar, respectively. An inter-comparison between the results of the statistical analysis of the present empirical correlation with those for previously proposed correlations, requiring more measured/calculated parameters, exhibited essentially the same degree of agreement between calculated and measured values. Keywords Erythemal UVB irradiation . Global irradiation . Clearness index . Empirical correlation
1 Introduction The erythemal UVB, irradiance intensity is that most affected by any changes in the stratospheric ozone layer. A decrease in the stratospheric ozone layer will result in enhanced erythemal UVB irradiance intensity, since the amount of erythemal UVB absorbed by the ozone layer is a function of the layer thickness. An increase in erythemal UVB irradiance intensity at the earth’s surface would have negative effects on both humans/ animals and plants. These would include increased sunburn, skin cancer, and eye diseases with regard to humans (Diffey 1998). Erythemal UVB irradiance also degrades plastics, wood, and paints (Andrady et al. 2011). These negative effects
of enhanced exposure to erythemal UVB are partially compensated by some positive effects, such as germicidal action, production of vitamin D (Miyauchi and Nakajima 2016) for the prevention of rickets and photoclimatherapy treatment of various skin diseases, e.g., psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and vitiligo (Ben-Amitai and David 2009; Adler-Cohen et al. 2012; Harari et al. 2012). The objective of this study is to develop a relatively simple empirical correlation between erythemal UVB and global irradiation utilizing a relatively large database from a single site and then applying it to predict the erythemal UVB irradia
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