An Intelligent Sensorless Drive Strategy for a Brushless DC Motor Based on Back-EMF Detection
This investigation describes a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor (PMBLDCM) that is based on an intelligent sensorless driver controller. Digital signal processing integrated circuit (DSPIC) is used as the core of the driver since it exploits
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Abstract This investigation describes a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor (PMBLDCM) that is based on an intelligent sensorless driver controller. Digital signal processing integrated circuit (DSPIC) is used as the core of the driver since it exploits microcontroller unit (MCU) and digital signal processor (DSP) technology, has the capacity for high-level computing, and is reliable. Not only sample the back electromotive force (back-EMF) by analog-todigital converter ADC but also a virtual neutral voltage is retrieved from the lead of the motor during the non-driven sector for a particular phase. An intelligent control law that combines Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) with the PI controller proposes to control a driver. The drive controller allows the PMBLDCM to reach the rated speed rapidly. However, when a mechanical load is applied, having good speed regulation response is obtained by the developed motor drive. The controller realizes the self-adjustment pursuit of the speed control to a better performance. Keywords PMBLDCM • Intelligent sensorless drive controller • CMAC • Back-EMF
1 Introduction PMBLDCM has been extensively adopted in factory and office automation equipment, owing to its high efficiency, power density, and easy of control. In PMBLDCM, electronic commutation eliminates brushes and mechanical commutator. Information of the rotor position that identifies the commutation points is obtained using Hall-effect sensors placed within the motor. However, Hall sensors
S.-C. Chen (*) • Y.-J. Lin • M.-M. Hsu • Y.-N. Hu Department of Electrical Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan e-mail: [email protected] J. Juang and Y.-C. Huang (eds.), Intelligent Technologies and Engineering Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 234, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6747-2_45, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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are temperature sensitive. Their misalignment in mechanical installation and additional wiring degrade system reliability, subsequently limiting the operations of the motor in harsh environments. Therefore, although capable of reducing the component count, overall axial length of the motor, and increasing reliability, a position sensorless PMBLDCM is more difficult to control than position sensor PMBLDCM. Recent research on sensorless methods for PMBLDCM is thoroughly reviewed in [1, 2]. This work presents a novel sensorless PMBLDCM drive and an intelligent control scheme. The drive system is based on detection of back-EMF zero-crossing point (ZCP) from the terminal and neutral voltages of the motor windings. Once the motor is started from standstill up to a certain speed, the sensorless method can detect the correct commutation instants. Running the motor in the sensorless mode involves delaying the switching signals by 30 electrical degrees from the ZCP of the back-EMF. To comply with controller design, this work adopts an intelligent control strategy, in which the intelligent control algorithm consists of a CMA
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