An Interactive Partitioning Algorithm-Based Electrical Power Crisis Management for Service Restoration with Existing Bla

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An Interactive Partitioning Algorithm-Based Electrical Power Crisis Management for Service Restoration with Existing BlackStart Resources Considering Load Priority Maitrayee Chakrabarty1 • Dipu Sarkar1 • Raju Basak2

Received: 8 January 2020 / Accepted: 2 November 2020  The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020

Abstract This article explores a new clustering-based solution for power systems that would be restored by postoutage power supply. The suggested solution has divided the overall network into separate clusters in such a way that each cluster has at least one ‘black-start unit,’ which can restart its own generation. The proposed algorithm manages a variety of restrictions when creating clusters, such as black-start generation capability, supply–demand balancing, and load priority, and attempts to minimize the active and reactive power difference between black-start unit and cluster loads as well as minimize power losses. This paper focuses on the standby available sources in a network to act like ‘black-start units,’ while their neighboring high-priority loads as defined by the supply provider were called cluster participants. K-means neighbor clustering algorithm was used to form the clusters, and, before validating each cluster, the steady-state voltage stability of the clusters was tested using equivalent network L-index value analysis technique. Two separate case studies were performed on the modified distribution IEEE 33-bus system and New England electrical transmission system with 39 buses to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. The

& Maitrayee Chakrabarty [email protected] Dipu Sarkar [email protected] Raju Basak [email protected] 1

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nagaland, Dimapur 797103, India

2

Department of Electrical Engineering, Techno India University, Kolkata, India

results of the simulation show that each cluster was consistently able to maintain reasonable voltage stability with minimum power imbalance between available BSU and loads. Keywords Power system restoration process  Islanding  Black-start unit  Voltage response List of Symbols BSU Black-start unit PSRP Power system restoration process P, Q Active and reactive power injection in a system PL, QL Active and reactive power requirement in the same system PLoss Active power loss in the same system QLoss Reactive power loss in the same system V Voltage leveled in the same system r Equivalent resistance of the system x Equivalent reactance of the system PG i Active power production by BSU for ith cluster QGi Reactive power production by BSU for ith cluster PLj Active power requirement for the jth load Q Lj Reactive power requirement for the jth load N Total number of important loads M Total number of BSU Pd Active power capacity imbalance Qd Reactive power capacity imbalance ILineflow Line current flow Icapacity Maximum capacity limit for transmission line current flow V min ; V max Minimum and maximum voltage limits

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