An Introduction to International Money and Finance

This book focuses on the functioning of the evolving International Monetary System and on recent developments and trends in the financial markets that have become increasingly globalized. It identifies the forces that are shaping international monetary ar

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Also by Ramesh F. Ramsaran A STUDY OF THE MONETARY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM OF THE BAHAMAS THE COMMONWEALTH CARIBBEAN IN THE WORLD ECONOMY THE CHALLENGE OF STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT INTHE COMMONWEALTH CARIBBEAN US INVESTMENT IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

An Introduction to International Money and Finance Ramesh F. Ramsaran Reader in International Economic Relations Institut e ofInternational Relations University ofthe West Indies St Augu stine. Trinidad

First published in Great Britain 1998 by

MACMILLAN PRESS LTD

Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-349-26358-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-26356-1

ISBN 978-1-349-26356-1 (eBook)

First published in the United States of America 1998 by

ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC., Scholarly and Reference Division, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 JSBN 978- 0-312-21261-5 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ramsaran, Ramesh. An introduction to international money and finance 1 Ramesh F. Ramsaran. p. cm. Jncludes bibliographical references and index. JSBN 978- 0-312-21261-5 (cloth) 1. International finance. 1. Title. HG3881.R283 1998 97-38763 332'.042-dc21 CIP © Ramesh F. Ramsaran 1998 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1998

Ali rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written pern1ission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by thc Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WIP 9HE. Any person who does any unauthoriscd act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted him right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patcnts Act 1988. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustaincd forest sources. 10 9 07 06

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To the memory of my late friend and colleague Dr Herb C. Addo

Contents viii

List of Tables Diagrams

x

Preface

xi xiii

Acknowledgements Chapter 1:

Emerging Trends in the International Trading and Financial System

Chapter 2:

International Trade and Payments

21

Chapter 3:

The International Monetary System

54

Chapter 4:

The Foreign Exchange Market, Exchange Rate Determination and Exchange Rate Systems

91

Chapter 5:

International Banking

127

Chapter 6:

The Debt Crisis and the International Financial System

155

Chapter 7:

International Development Assistance

186

Chapter 8:

External Development Finance and the Multilateral Financial Institutions

215

Private Foreign Investment (PFI)

234

Chapter 9:

255

Index

vii

List of Tables Foreign exchange trading over the counter, 1989-95 Market