An Introduction to Machine Learning

Just like electricity, Machine Learning will revolutionize our life in many ways – some of which are not even conceivable today. This book provides a thorough conceptual understanding of Machine Learning techniques and algorithms.  Many of the mathem

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ntroduction to Machine Learning

An Introduction to Machine Learning

Gopinath Rebala • Ajay Ravi • Sanjay Churiwala

An Introduction to Machine Learning

Gopinath Rebala OpsMx Inc San Ramon, CA, USA

Ajay Ravi San Jose, CA, USA

Sanjay Churiwala Hyderabad, Telangana, India

ISBN 978-3-030-15728-9 ISBN 978-3-030-15729-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15729-6

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2019936169 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

Machine learning (ML) is the new age electricity. When electricity was discovered, nobody had anticipated the far-reaching effect it would eventually have. Machine learning has the same potential. Many people also consider machine learning (or artificial intelligence) as Industrial Revolution 4.0. There is often an apprehension that ML will cause massive loss of jobs. Our belief is that ML will not cause loss of jobs. Just like advances in electricity and computerization brought in more jobs due to increased productivity, ML has potential to create different kinds of jobs. What is needed is to be future-ready for the shift in nature of jobs. We often hear people talking about machine learning. Some of them talk in big mumbo jumbo words. On the other hand, some people claim that it is just an extension of statistics, probably trying to assure themselves that it is nothing new. To us, ML is as much an extension of statistics as multiplication is just a repeated addition. “Multiplication is a repeated addition” may be true only for the introduction of multiplication in second grade. However, multiplication is then studied as a topic by itself, which allows us to apply multiplication to fracti