An Investigation into the Thermo-Physical, Mechanical, and Microstructural Properties of Cement Mortar Incorporating Hyb
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RESEARCH PAPER
An Investigation into the Thermo-Physical, Mechanical, and Microstructural Properties of Cement Mortar Incorporating Hybrid Waste Slags Mahad Baawain1 • Hamada Shoukry2
•
Khalifa Al-Jabri1
Received: 21 January 2020 / Revised: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 Iran University of Science and Technology 2020
Abstract This study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of cement mortars incorporating two types of waste slags: ferrochrome (FeCr) slag aggregate was used as a replacement for sand at ratios of 25, 50, 75 and 100 wt%, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) was used as a partial replacement for cement at a ratio of 25 wt%. Compressive strength, volume of permeable voids (VPV), drying shrinkage, and thermal conductivity tests were conducted after 28 days of curing. The microstructure characteristics were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results revealed that FeCr waste aggregates could satisfactorily replace natural fine sand in cement mortars up to 25 wt% without a remarkable degradation of compressive strength. Furthermore, increasing the replacement ratios of FeCr aggregates by over 25 wt% resulted in a noticeable decrease in thermal conductivity and an increase in the permeable void content of cement mortars. The increased VPV of FeCr slag-blended mortars led to a significant increase in drying shrinkage. The integration of GGBS with FeCr aggregates led to enhanced compressive strength and reduced VPV and drying shrinkage, thus contributing to an improved microstructure. Keywords Ferrochrome slag Blast furnace slag Compressive strength Drying shrinkage Thermal conductivity Microstructure
1 Introduction The utilisation of industrial solid waste materials as aggregates in concrete structures has become of great importance in terms of saving landfill space and reducing the consumption and demand for the extraction of natural aggregates [1–4]. Various types of waste metallurgical slags, such as steel slag [5], copper slag [6], ferronickel & Hamada Shoukry [email protected]; [email protected] Mahad Baawain [email protected] Khalifa Al-Jabri [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khodh, P.O. Box 33, 123 Muscat, Oman
2
Housing and Building National Research Center (HBRC), Building Physics Institute (BPI), Cairo, Egypt
(FeNi) slag [7] and, recently, ferrochrome (FeCr) slag [8], have been utilised as fine and coarse aggregate replacements in the production of cement mortar and concrete for various construction applications. Nadeem and Pofale [5] investigated the use of granular slag as a partial replacement for natural sand in masonry and plastering applications. In this study, cement mortars in various (cement:sand) proportions of 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6 by volume were prepared with granular slag replacing 25, 50, 75, and 100 wt% of sand. Compressive strength increased with the increase in
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