An Investigation of the Cause of Failure in a Spring Hose Clamp
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
An Investigation of the Cause of Failure in a Spring Hose Clamp Masoud Yousefi . Masoud Rajabi
Submitted: 11 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 Ó ASM International 2020
Abstract Despite much attention in the process of making fasteners, failure of clamps or hose clamps happens in various industries and causes huge or small losses. An industrial company manufacturing spring hose clamps confronts failure of hose clamps in assembly test during the output control. The aim of the present research is to find out the possible reasons for the failure and propose corrective actions. The main reason for the failure in the broken hose clamp was incomplete bainite transformation. It seems that sufficient soaking time had not been given to convert the parent phase to austenite during austenitizing process. Keywords Fasteners Spring hose clamp Incomplete bainite transformation
Introduction The hose clamps are very important in various industries such as automotive industry. Since these parts work as a connecting component, their durability and safety are very important. Despite much attention in the process of making fasteners, failure of clamps or hose clamps happens in various industries and causes huge or small losses [1–3]. For instance, failure of a hose clamp in a motorcycle during
race caused leakage of radiator and the passenger injured seriously [4]. An industrial company, manufacturing spring hose clamps, confronts failure of them in assembly tests during the output control. The assembly test consists of using special pliers (Fig. 1) to put all hose clamps under loading condition in order to become sure about the correct function of them. In some samples and goods, fracture has been seen by producer. The condition of assembly test is shown in Fig. 2. As can be seen, this type of hose clamps is used in the radiator hoses. During assembly test process by the manufacturer in the radiator hoses, the failure happens. The possible spots of fracture are illustrated in Fig. 3. Many of the failures happen in these red spots due to stress concentration by assembly test process. Since the number of failures per million was very small, all the probable defects in raw materials, heat treatment process and coating process were considered. The aim of the present research is to find out the possible reasons of failure and propose corrective actions. In this relation, visual inspections, optical microscope, field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM), XRD, hardness test, as well as chemical analysis (spectrometry), have been employed.
Materials and Methods M. Yousefi (&) M. Rajabi Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] M. Rajabi e-mail: [email protected]
To become sure about cleanliness of the raw materials and detection of any probable defect, one part of the sheet was prepared by abrasive papers (80-2000 grit
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