An Umbrella Review of the Impact of Environment on the Productive Lives of Individuals with Autism and Other Neurodevelo
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AUTISM SPECTRUM (A RICHDALE AND L LAWSON, SECTION EDITORS)
An Umbrella Review of the Impact of Environment on the Productive Lives of Individuals with Autism and Other Neurodevelopmental Disabilities Sureka Selvakumaran 1 & Sandy Thompson-Hodgetts 2 & David Nicholas 3 & Lloyd Fan 1 & Hanna Fang 1,4 & Briano Di Rezze 1,4 Accepted: 9 September 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Engagement in productive roles such as employment and volunteering provide opportunities for individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) to improve their well-being. Individuals with NDD, such as autism spectrum disorder, face substantial barriers to participate in productive activities, and supportive environments may enhance their engagement. This umbrella review examines environmental factors and conceptualizes the impact of a supportive ecosystem on the productivity of youth and adults with NDD. Recent Findings Five databases were searched. Reviews that met the inclusion criteria were coded using the environmental domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The search resulted in 41 reviews, which all reflected employment initiatives. The majority of reviews were coded with following domains: “services, systems, and policies” (83%), “support and relationships” (59%), and “products and technology” (46%). The reviews addressed environmental factors across all five domains of the ICF. Summary This synthesis provided tangible recommendations for community stakeholders and further research. Keywords Autism spectrum disorder . Neurodevelopmental disabilities . Productive roles . Environmental supports . Umbrella review . International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
Introduction Participation is defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework [1] as This article is part of the Topical Collection on Autism Spectrum * Briano Di Rezze [email protected] 1
School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
2
Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
3
Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Edmonton, AB, Canada
4
School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Institute for Applied Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West, Room 436, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
the involvement in life situations, which includes participation in informal and formal activities that matter to, and are generative for, the individual. Informal activities may include reading, recreation, and socializing with friends, whereas formal activities involve structured activities such as employment, volunteering, organized sports, music lessons, and/or other structured extracurricular activity [2]. Participation in meaningful occupations (i.e., activities of daily living), contributes to health and well-being [3, 4]. Meaningful occupations provide individuals with a sense of id
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