Analysis of Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) Protocols in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Access Network
Mobile communications systems have evolved considerably in recent years. Fourth generation networks (4G) allow to expand cellular coverage while improving accessibility to Internet services. Network access security includes security features that provide
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Abstract Mobile communications systems have evolved considerably in recent years. Fourth generation networks (4G) allow to expand cellular coverage while improving accessibility to Internet services. Network access security includes security features that provide the subscriber with secure access to services of the EPS, and protects particularly against several attacks on the radio link. This area is the largest and most vulnerable among all EPS security domains since it ensures the security of the radio link, the weakest link of all mobile telephone networks. In the LTE architecture, Evolved Packet System Authentication and Key Agreement (EPS-AKA) procedure is used to realize mutual authentication between the subscriber and the network. However, the current authentication and key agreement protocol 3GPP LTE-AKA has some issues, including bandwidth consumption, traffic overload due to control message and vulnerabilities. Several protocols have been proposed to solve these problems. In this paper, we will analyze and compare several existing protocols: EPS-AKA, SE-AKA, EC-AKA, and EC-AKA2 according to different factors in order to estimate the performances in terms of security, cost, and delay of each one of these protocols. Keywords LTE/SAE
AKA Network security Authentication
M. Ouaissa (&) ISIC, High School of Technology, LMMI Laboratory, ENSAM, Moulay-Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco e-mail: [email protected] A. Rhattoy M. Lahmer Department of Computer Engineering, High School of Technology, Moulay-Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco e-mail: [email protected] M. Lahmer e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 A. Kalam et al. (eds.), Advances in Electronics, Communication and Computing, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 443, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4765-7_1
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1 Introduction Mobile communications systems have evolved considerably in recent years. Fourth generation networks (4G) allow to expand cellular coverage while improving accessibility to Internet services. The new mobile network system called Evolved Packet System (EPS) comprises a new access network called LTE (Long-Term Evolution) and a new core network called Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or System Architecture Evolution (SAE). All services are offered by a packet domain. The mobile must first connect and authenticate to the EPS network before being able to send or receive Internet Protocol (IP) packets [1, 2]. The element that allows authentication is called Mobility Management Entity (MME), the Home Location Register/Authentication Center (HLR/AuC) is characterized by Home Subscriber Service (HSS) in the EPS architecture (Fig. 1). Security in the fourth generation mobile networks EPS includes security of the radio access network infrastructure, terminals, and applications running on it. Network access security includes security features that provide the subscriber with secure access to services of the EPS, and protects particularly against the attacks on the radi
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