Analysis of hydrological dynamics and hydropower generation in a West African anthropized watershed in a context of clim
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Analysis of hydrological dynamics and hydropower generation in a West African anthropized watershed in a context of climate change Koffi Claude Alain Kouadio1,2 · Ernest Amoussou3 · Talnan Jean Honoré Coulibaly1 · Arona Diedhiou4 · Houebagnon Saint Jean‑Patrick Coulibaly1,2 · Regis Didi1,2 · Issiaka Savané1 Received: 4 March 2020 / Accepted: 29 May 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract This study was conducted in the Bandama watershed (BW) in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). The objective is to analyze hydrological dynamics and hydropower generation in BW in a context of climate change. The methodology is based on the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) used to interpolate rainfall and on statistical tests (Normality, Buishand, Pettitt and Hubert) applied on hydrometeorological and hydrometric data to analyze the hydrological functioning of BW. Hydropower generation at Kossou dam was analyzed with Pearson Chi square independence method according to Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios of CMIP5 (coupled model intercomparison project phase 5) and CORDEX-AFRICA (coordinated regional climate downscaling experiment). The results showed the variability of rainfall as well monthly, seasonal as annual from 1980 to 2013; the hydroclimatic variability in the basin characterized by the presence of breaks in stationarity in 1998 and 2008, and the variability of flow. The Buishand and Pettitt tests described these two ruptures. The segmentation of Hubert specified three sub-periods. The results also showed that there is an alternation of wet and dry periods followed by a slight resumption. The climate projection scenarios RCP 4.5 and 8.5 have shown that the change in the variability of rainfall and flow in the BW will have a negative impact on hydropower generation at Kossou from 2030 to 2050. Keywords Hydrological dynamics · Hydropower generation · Anthropized watershed · Climate change · West Africa
Introduction Hydropower dams are considered as real assets of socioeconomic development (International Hydropower Association [IHA] 2018; Korkovelos et al. 2018). They are used for hydropower, drinking water, agriculture, fisheries and * Koffi Claude Alain Kouadio [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Geosciences and Environment (LGE), University Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
2
African Centre of Excellence on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (CEA-CCBAD), Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
3
Department of Geography and Territory Management (DGAT), University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
4
Laboratory of Transfer Studies in Hydrology and Environment (LTHE), Institute of Research for Development (IRD), University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
livestock (Anoh et al. 2017). However, the artificial water reservoirs formed by these dams are influenced by hydrological variations, making difficult their rational exploitation (Konan et al. 2013). Assessment and efficient management of water resources in a basin require thorough knowled
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