Analysis of Stratum Settlement Laws Caused by the Construction of Shallow-Buried Expressway Tunnels with Large Span and
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Analysis of Stratum Settlement Laws Caused by the Construction of Shallow-Buried Expressway Tunnels with Large Span and Small Spacing Zhou Leisheng . Zhu Ying
Received: 25 June 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Many tunnels with large spans and small spacing have been constructed due to the rapid development and construction of China’s expressways. The stratum settlement caused by the construction of these tunnels in shallow sections is large and difficult to control, and ensuring stratum stability is a key issue in the construction of expressway tunnels. According to the research differences in the prediction of stratum settlement under the tunnel construction at present, based on stochastic medium theory, in this study, the prediction formula for stratum settlement in the construction of double-line tunnels was revised and optimized by monitoring the construction of expressway tunnels with large spans and small spacing in shallow sections. The accuracy of the revised formula was verified by comparing it with on-site monitoring data. A numerical calculation method was also used to select effective deformation control measures. Results showed that the revised prediction formula of stratum settlement could roughly predict the position and shape of the settlement tank and reflect the uneven settlement caused by the mutual influence of double-line excavation. The accuracy of stratum settlement prediction was high. Moreover, Z. Leisheng (&) Z. Ying Qilu Transportation Development Group Co., Ltd., Jinan, China e-mail: [email protected] Z. Ying e-mail: [email protected]
reasonable grouting could effectively reduce stratum settlement. A reasonable grouting plan should be selected during construction in accordance with the actual situation to avoid material wastage and increased costs caused by excess grouting. Keywords Shallow buried Large span Small spacing Tunnel engineering Stratum settlement
1 Introduction Many roads that pass through mountainous areas have been built due to the rapid development and construction of China’s expressways. Selection of tunnel type is restricted by topography, geological conditions, and various factors, such as route alignment and vertical and horizontal indexes (Zhang 2015). Tunnels with small spacing have been built to suit these conditions (Dindarloo and Siami-Irdemoosa 2015; Feng 2015; Li et al. 2017). The mutual influence of the left and right holes and the middle rock pillars during construction is difficult to comprehend due to the particularity and novelty of large-span, small-spacing tunnels. The tunnel section is large, the flat rate is low, and the surrounding rock stability is poor. Therefore, regardless of the point of view, structural stress conditions are highly complex and characterized by large surface settlement in shallow-buried sections and control
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Geotech Geol Eng
difficulty (Marasˇ-Dragojevic´ 2012; Cooper et al. 2002; Fatta
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