Analysis of the impact of ancient city walls on urban landscape patterns by remote sensing
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Analysis of the impact of ancient city walls on urban landscape patterns by remote sensing Chengkang Wang1 · Weiwei Yang1 · Yifan Zhu1 · Yujie Ren2 Received: 4 June 2019 / Revised: 20 August 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 © International Consortium of Landscape and Ecological Engineering 2020
Abstract As the most important construction features of ancient Chinese cities, the city walls nowadays have lost their function of enemy defense and turned to affect the urban structure and development. To clarify the impact of ancient city walls on modern urban development, this work was conducted to measure the differences of landscape types and levels between the inner and outer walls of three typical ancient Chinese cities with the help of geoinformatics materials and landscape ecology indices. The results of this research proved that city walls have great impact on landscape pattern. Specifically, the aggregation, fragmentation, diversity and evenness of landscape were strongly affected by well-preserved ancient city walls. By sorting out and consulting historical documents and China’s “City Walls Protection Regulations”, we also found that city walls help the old city to retain its original style and design characteristics. The findings of this quantitative-analysis-based historical study can provide a theoretical basis for the protection of historical heritage and landscape design. Keywords City walls · Landscape pattern indices · Urban development · Protection of historical heritage
Introduction The city walls, one of the most important construction features of ancient Chinese cities, had the original purpose of enemy defense (Ioannides et al. 2017), playing an important role in maintaining urban safety and prolonging urban life (Smith 2013). However, in the current age, city walls have begun to hinder urban growth. Therefore, large-scale campaigns have been carried out to tear down city walls in various parts of China (Wang et al. 2017), and in some areas, this has occurred without any planning or discussion. Fortunately, the historical and cultural value of the preserved * Yujie Ren [email protected]‑u.ac.jp Chengkang Wang [email protected] Weiwei Yang [email protected] Yifan Zhu [email protected] 1
College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, China
Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819‑0383, Japan
2
city walls is finally being taken seriously (Wang et al. 2019). However, the contradiction between urban construction and wall protection still exists (Xie et al. 2019). For example, in the process of urban development, the extensive development of high-rise residential areas and enterprises around the city walls have impacted the overall aesthetic of city walls (Yu et al. 2008). In addition, the effect of urban traffic planning on the city walls is also growing (Wang et al. 2015), and the planning and construction of underground rail transit affects their stability (Zhu et al. 2019). As a result of these
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