Analytic hierarchy process applied to landslide susceptibility mapping of the North Branch of Argentino Lake, Argentina
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Analytic hierarchy process applied to landslide susceptibility mapping of the North Branch of Argentino Lake, Argentina Silvana Moragues1 · María Gabriela Lenzano1 · Mario Lanfri2 · Stella Moreiras1 · Esteban Lannutti1 · Luis Lenzano1 Received: 11 April 2019 / Accepted: 25 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In the present study, we achieved the susceptibility mapping to slope instability processes by the implementation of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Weighted Linear Combina‑ tion methods, in the North Branch of Argentino Lake, Southern Patagonian Icefield. The strong retraction of the glaciers in the area has triggered paraglacial readjustments, produc‑ ing instability processes that favor the generation of mass removal processes. The results obtained from optical satellite images show that the highest degrees of susceptibility (4 and 5) are located on the western slopes of the Upsala Channel, Bertacchi and Cono Tributary Glaciers, and the Moyano and Norte Valleys, respectively. These slopes coincide with the geographic location of previous events surveyed by the inventory of unstable areas of the zone. Low degrees of susceptibility are found on the downhill valleys, outcrops rock and glaciers. The Consistency Ratio was 0.069, indicating that being less than 0.1 the study is reliable. The study sheds light on the knowledge of slopes and valleys that are more sus‑ ceptible to processes of instability in mountainous areas, which would make it possible to prevent possible hazards associated with these events. Keywords Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) · Weighted linear combination (WLC) · Susceptibility mapping · Slope instability process · North Branch of Argentino Lake (SPI)
1 Introduction A landslide is the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or soil down a slope by the effects of gravity (Cruden 1991). The occurrence of landslides is related to various factors, includ‑ ing climate, hydrology, lithology, structure, and geomorphology. Landslide susceptibility
* Silvana Moragues smoragues@mendoza‑conicet.gob.ar 1
Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)-Centro Científico Tecnológico (CCT), CONICET‑Avda. Ruiz Leal s/n. Parque General San Martín. CP 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
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Consultoría en Alerta y Respuesta Temprana a Emergencias (CAEARTE), Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Argentina Ruta C45. Km 8. CP 5187 ‑ Falda del Cañete, Córdoba, Argentina
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mapping (LSM) is an effective tool for understanding the probability of the spatial distribu‑ tion of future landslides (Feizizadeh et al. 2014). According to IUGS (1997), adapted by Fell et al. (2008), the determination of landslide susceptibility on a certain area relies on the classification, estimation of the area or volume (magnitude), and the spatial distribution of observed and potential landslides in the surrounding slopes. Landslide susceptibility map relies on a rather complex knowledge of slope movements and their conditioning factor
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