Analytical Calculation of the Composition of Thermal Dusty Plasma with Metal Particles
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MA CHEMISTRY
Analytical Calculation of the Composition of Thermal Dusty Plasma with Metal Particles I. I. Fairushina, b, c, * aJoint
Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 125412 Russia b Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia c Kazan National Research Technical University, Kazan, 420111 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received June 3, 2020; revised June 3, 2020; accepted July 6, 2020
Abstract—For a thermal dusty plasma with metal particles, the relations of the particle charge to the temperature of the system and the particle size have been obtained using a two-plasma model and the approximation of a rectangular potential well. The number densities of electrons and ions in the plasma have been determined for various temperatures and particle sizes of the system. It has been shown that in the case of metal particles, the ionization of the buffer gas leads to underestimation of the charge in comparison with the case when the ionization of the gas is negligible. Keywords: dusty plasma, thermal equilibrium, metal particle charge, plasma composition, analytical calculation DOI: 10.1134/S0018143920060041
A gas heated to high temperatures (1500–3500 K) at atmospheric or higher pressure, containing particles of solid or molten matter, is widespread, both in nature and in various technological processes [1–15]. The temperature of such a system determines whether it will be in the state of the so-called equilibrium thermal dusty plasma [1–7]. If the temperature is low (generally, below 1500 K), the system does not contain a charged component and thus does not have properties characteristic of plasma. As the temperature rises in the system, the effects associated with gas ionization and thermionic emission from the surface of particles begin to manifest themselves. If the work function of the particle material to release an electron into the plasma is less than the ionization potential of the buffer gas, then the emission of electrons will appear earlier, thereby ensuring the existence of the so-called dust–electron plasma in a certain temperature range [2]. A further increase in temperature leads to that thermal ionization begins to appear in the buffer gas, making an additional contribution to the charge composition of the system. These temperatures, as a rule, are above 2000 K. At such temperatures, thermal dusty plasma contains the maximum amount of different components, namely: neutral atoms, ions, free electrons, vapor of particulate matter, and charged dust particles themselves. The maximum temperature of existence of thermal dusty plasma is limited by the boiling point of the particle material.
This work is devoted to the computational determination of the composition of thermal dusty plasma that initially consists of an easily ionized or inert gas and micrometer-sized metal particles, differing from the previously considered case of semiconductor particles [9, 10]. It will be assumed that the particles are uniformly distributed in space and have the sa
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