Analytics and decision-making to inform public policy in response to diverse threats
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Analytics and decision‑making to inform public policy in response to diverse threats Zachary A. Collier1 · James H. Lambert2 · Igor Linkov3 Published online: 5 November 2020 © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2020
The year 2020 has faced a global health pandemic, wildfires, an active hurricane season, and widespread civil unrest. These and other sources of risk have emphasized the importance of using analytics and modeling to support policy for public health, infrastructure, economic policy, and other issues related to the public sphere. The research presented in this issue of the Springer journal Environment Systems & Decisions supports these goals by advancing methodological and theoretical knowledge in emerging areas such as machine learning and blockchain technology. The first two articles leverage machine learning approaches. Varghese et al. (2020) deployed deep learning to the problem of text classification, analyzing over 7000 scientific abstracts on the chemical arsenic. They compared the performance of deep learning algorithms to other machine learning techniques, and discussed the strengths and weaknesses of each. Bambil et al. (2020) compared deep learning to other machine learning techniques, with an application of identification of plant species from images of leaves. The authors further compared image capture methods including scanners and mobile phone cameras, finding that the algorithms performed similarly in each case. The next several articles cover a broad array of mathematical modeling and decision-making methods. Kolagar et al. (2020) utilized a data envelopment analysis approach for prioritizing renewable energy sources. They considered technical, economic, environmental, social, and political criteria in their prioritization approach. Vannarath and Talla (2020) implemented a multi-criteria decision analysis model to the problem of biogas conversion. Seven alternative pretreatment methods were evaluated along five relevant * Igor Linkov [email protected] 1
Radford University, Radford, VA, USA
2
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
3
US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Concord, MA, USA
criteria. Next, Collins et al. (2020) leveraged multivariate statistics to determine what makes a city amenable to cycling. Geographic, meteorological, and socioeconomic data were analyzed using a multivariate regression analysis, and the authors provided insights for city planners. Sadeghi et al. (2020) described the problem of expanding electricity generation capacity under uncertain demand and supply conditions. The authors formulated the issue as a multi-objective optimization problem, with objectives of minimizing expected system cost and minimizing expected pollution costs. The final articles in this issue cover managerial and social aspects of complex systems. Mandić (2020) explored the challenges associated with promoting sustainable eco-tourism in protected natural areas. Th
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