Analyzing fragment production in mass-asymmetric reactions as a function of density dependent part of symmetry energy
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NUCLEI Theory
Analyzing Fragment Production in Mass-Asymmetric Reactions as a Function of Density Dependent Part of Symmetry Energy∗ Amandeep Kaur1) , Deepshikha1), Karan Singh Vinayak2), and Suneel Kumar3)** Received February 9, 2016
Abstract—We performed a theoretical investigation of different mass-asymmetric reactions to access the direct impact of the density-dependent part of symmetry energy on multifragmentation. The simulations are performed for a specific set of reactions having same system mass and N/Z content, using isospindependent quantum molecular dynamics model to estimate the quantitative dependence of fragment production on the mass-asymmetry factor (τ ) for various symmetry energy forms. The dynamics associated with different mass-asymmetric reactions is explored and the direct role of symmetry energy is checked. Also a comparison with the experimental data (asymmetric reaction) is presented for a different equation of states (symmetry energy forms). DOI: 10.1134/S1063778816040153
1. INTRODUCTION Till now, it is an established fact that the heavy-ion collisions (A ≥ 4) in the intermediate energy regime (50 < E < 1000 MeV/nucleon) are well suited to understand the isospin-dependent part of the nuclear equation of state (density-dependent symmetry energy) [1]. It is, however, assumed that the output of intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions (fragment production, flow and particle production) is sensitive to the density-dependent part of the symmetry energy. It is worth mentioning that the proper constraining of symmetry energy (as function of density) is essential to pin down the dynamics associated with heavy-ion collisions (at intermediate/relativistic energies) and to understand the critical astronomical phenomena [2–7]. The behavior of nuclear matter at different densities can also be helpful to understand the different theories such as big-bang explosions, formation of universe and supernova explosions. The mutual interactions of baryons inside the colliding system and neutron stars can be more efficiently predicted if the accurate information regarding density dependence of symmetry energy is available [5]. The present study is focussed on the analysis of fragment ∗
The text was submitted by the authors in English. School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar University, Punjab, India. 2) DAV College, Chandigarh, India. 3) Department of Applied Sciences (Physics Group), Chandigarh University, Gharuan (Mohali), Punjab, India. ** E-mail: [email protected] 1)
production to detect the direct impact of density dependence of symmetry energy on the production of intermediate mass fragments subjected to different mass-asymmetric combinations. The symmetry en γ
ergy is given by Esymm (ρ) = Esymm (ρ0 ) ρρ0 , where value of γ justify the strength of the symmetry energy at densities above and below the normal nuclear matter density. The idea is to interpret the behavior of density-dependent symmetry energy at low densities (ρ ≤ ρ0 , ρ0 = 0.16 fm−3 ). The simulations are carried out for various symm
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