ANN-Based SVC Tuning for Voltage and Harmonics Control in Microgrids
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ANN-Based SVC Tuning for Voltage and Harmonics Control in Microgrids Pedro C. Loureiro1 · Abílio M. Variz1 · Leonardo W. de Oliveira1 · Ângelo R Oliveira2 · José L. R. Pereira1
Received: 11 March 2016 / Revised: 20 June 2016 / Accepted: 24 September 2016 © Brazilian Society for Automatics–SBA 2016
Abstract A method for tuning a static var compensator for voltage control and reduction of harmonic distortion in a microgrid is presented in this paper. Electrical power distribution systems face a new scenario with an increasing number of distributed generation sources, nonlinear loads and more strict power quality requirements. In addition, it can be observed that there is a tendency for power systems to operate within the context of smartgrids. Consequently, the operation of such systems become more complex and, therefore, requires a power quality conditioning technique able to adapt itself to the grid. The application of a static var compensator with an additional filtering function at the point of common coupling of a power system with a microgrid is a possible solution. In this context, the proposed approach is based on artificial neural networks to determine the static var compensator tuning in order to recognize the loading and distributed generation steady-state conditions. Simulation results show that this approach provides the control system with more intelligence and the capability of adapting to different operating conditions. Keywords Artificial neural networks · Distributed generation · Microgrids · Nonlinear loads · Smartgrids · Static var compensator
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Abílio M. Variz [email protected]
1
Department of Electrical Energy, Federal University at Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
2
Department of Electric/Electronics, Federal Center of Technologic Education (CEFET), Leopoldina, Brazil
1 Introduction Electrical power distribution systems are facing several changes. The traditional architecture where power flows in only one direction, that is, from the substations to passive loads is turning into a bidirectional design, with increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG). Also, there is a growing concern with environmental issues, making renewable energy resources an attractive solution (Savic and Durisic 2014; Olivares et al. 2014). On the other hand, DG units such as photovoltaic panels and wind turbines need power electronics devices to control the AC output, but such devices produce harmonic distortion. In addition, renewable energy sources may have an unpredictable intermittent behavior, which can cause voltage sags or swells. Thus, the distribution systems must be provided with adequate voltage and harmonics control (Variz et al. 2008; Sanchez-Ayala et al. 2013). Furthermore, the protection of distribution systems comprising DG sources is more complex and require novel protection schemes (Tiwari et al. 2014). In this context, the microgrid concept represents an important advancement toward the future of power systems operation. A microgrid is defined as a part of the system with a
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