Antioxidant Activity of Dictyotales from Tropical Reefs of Brazil
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Antioxidant Activity of Dictyotales from Tropical Reefs of Brazil Samara Rodrigues 1 & Talissa Barroco Harb 2 & Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão 3 & Sonia Maria Barreto Pereira 1 & Fungyi Chow 2 Received: 13 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 May 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Macroalgae produce a large range of primary and secondary metabolites with ecological and economical importance. Studies on antioxidants from marine algae have increased notably, focusing on searching new sources of natural compounds for different applications, in which tropical species have been shown to have high potential, often improved by stressful environmental conditions during the tide cycle with periods of emersion and submersion. Therefore, in order to characterize the antioxidant activity and relate it to local environmental tide exposure, three species of brown marine algae, Canistrocarpus cervicornis, Dictyopteris delicatula, and Lobophora variegata from two beaches on the northeast coast of Brazil were studied. Dichloromethane:methanol (DCM:M) and aqueous extracts were tested for ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl, and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) antioxidant assays and total phenolic compounds. Aqueous extracts of C. cervicornis showed up to 10 times major antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds than DCM:M extracts. Different characteristic of antioxidant activity were identified among the beaches, species, and extracts, in which aqueous extracts from C. cervicornis and L. variegata showed the most promising matrices for future prospection of natural antioxidants. Keywords Bioactivity . Bioprospecting . Brown algae . Coral reefs . Intertidal exposure . Marine algae . Natural products . Oxidative stress . Phenolic compounds
Introduction Marine and freshwater macroalgae produce a large range of chemical compounds with ecological and economic importance by means of different metabolic pathways. Due to their high chemical
* Samara Rodrigues [email protected] * Fungyi Chow [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
diversity and relevant bioactivity of their primary and secondary metabolites, macroalgae become promising sources of bioactive molecules, among which those exhibiting antioxidant activity, have attracted greatest interest especially for human nutrition [1, 2]. Natural antioxidant researches from macroalgae have increased considerably, especially for incorporation into foods and drugs, mainly due to the toxicity of synthetic antioxidants used as additives. Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tertbutyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), and propyl-gallate (PG), have demonstrated harmful effect at high concentrations, including liver damage and neoplasms [3]. Among macroalgae, brown algae evidence great biological activity, including antioxidant activity [4–7]. Brazilian coast presents grea
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