Applied RHEED Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction During Cry

The book describes RHEED (reflection high-energy electron diffraction) used as a tool for crystal growth. New methods using RHEED to characterize surfaces and interfaces during crystal growth by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) are presented. Special emphasis

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Springer Tracts in Modern Physics Springer Tracts in Modern Physics provides comprehensive and critical reviews of topics of current interest in physics. The following fields are emphasized: elementary particle physics, solid-state physics, complex systems, and fundamental astrophysics. Suitable reviews of other fields can also be accepted. The editors encourage prospective authors to correspond with them in advance of submitting an article. For reviews of topics belonging to the above mentioned fields, they should address the responsible editor, otherwise the managing editor. See also http://www.springer.de/phys/books/stmp.html

Managing Editor

Solid-State Physics, Editor

Gerhard H6hler

Peter W61fle

Institut flit Theoretische Teilchenphysik Universitit Karlsruhe Post fach 69 8o D-76128 Karlaruhe, Germany Phone: +49 (7 21) 6 08 33 75 lax: +49 (7 21) 37 07 26 Emafl: [email protected]

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Institut fiir Theorie der Kondensierten Materie Universifiit Karlsruhe Postfach 69 80 D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: +49 (7 21) 6 o8 35 9o Fax: +49 (7 21) 69 81 50 Email: [email protected] http:/Iwww-tkra.physiLuni-karlsruhe.de

Elementary Particle Physics, Editors

Complex Systems, Editor

Johann H. Kfihn

Frank Steiner

Institut fiir Theoretische Teilchenphysik Universifiit Karlsruhe Postfach 69 80 D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: +49 (7 21) 6 08 33 72 Fax: +49 (7 21) 37 07 26 Email: johann.kuehnCii~physik.uni-karlsruhe.de http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/~jk

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Thomas MfiUer Institut fiir Experimentelle Kernphysik Fakult~t fox Physik Universitat Karlsruhe Posffach 69 80 D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: +49 (7 21) 6 08 35 24 Fax: +49 (7 Zl) 6 o7 26 zx Email: [email protected]

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Roberto Peccei Department of Physics University of California, Los Angeles 4o5 Hilgard Avenue Los Angeles, CA 9oo24q547, USA Phone: +1 310 825 lO42 Fax: +1 31o 825 9368 EmaU: [email protected]

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Fundamental Astrophysics, Editor

Joachim Triimper Max-Planck-lnstitut fiir Extraterrestrische Physik Postfach 16 03 D-8574o Garching, Germany Phone: +49 (89) 3299 35 59 Fax: +49 (89) 32 99 35 69 Email: jtrumperOmpe-garching.mpg.de

http:l lwww.mpe-garching.mpg.delindex.html

Wolfgang Braun

Applied RHEED Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction During Crystal Growth

With 15o Figures and 7 Color Plates

~ Springer

Dr. Wolfgang Braun Paul-Drude-Institut ftir Festkrrperelektronik Hausvogteiplatz 5-7 Dqo117 Berlin, G e r m a n y Email: [email protected]

P h y s i c s a n d A s t r o n o m y C l a s s i f i c a t i o n S c h e m e (