Aqueous Manganese Dioxide Ink for High Performance Capacitive Energy Storage Devices
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Aqueous Manganese Dioxide Ink for High Performance Capacitive Energy Storage Devices Jiasheng Qian, Shu Ping Lau and Jikang Yuan Department of Applied Physics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR ABSTRACT: We report a simple approach to fabricate high performance energy storage devices based on aqueous inorganic ink comprised of hexagonal MnO2 nanosheets. The MnO2 ink exhibits long term stability. Continuous thin films can be formed on various substrates without using any binder. To obtain a flexible electrode for capacitive energy storage, we printed the MnO 2 ink on commercially available A4 paper pre-treated by multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The electrode exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 90.8 mF/cm2. The electrode could maintain 98.7% capacitance retention for 1,000 cycles at 10 mV/s. The MnO2 ink could be a potential candidate for large-scale production of flexible and printable electronic devices for energy storage and conversion. INTRODUCTION: Printable electronics has been paid much attentions in the past few years due to its potential applications ranging from thin film transistors (TFTs), energy storage devices, solar cells to wearable devices [1-4]. Preparations of various inks composed of semiconductors, insulators, and carbon materials have been reported [5-7], attracting much attention because they are inexpensive with combination of wide printability on different substrates and suitable for mass production in industry. By virtue of abundance, high theoretical energy capacity and environmental compatibility, manganese dioxide is usually regarded as an ideal candidate for the electrode materials of portable devices, water treatment, up-conversion as well as photocatalysis. The conventional MnO2 electrodes are mainly prepared by two approaches: (1) nanostructured MnO2 or MnO2-containing composite precipitates via wet chemical processes [8, 9]; (2) direct electrodeposition or chemical deposition on various substrates (e.g. glass, quartz, copper or aluminum foil) [10, 11]. These existing preparation methods suffer from higher cost, complicated processes and superfluous contaminations. By now, it still remains a great challenge to synthesize MnO2 inks with high reliability and versatility. Nevertheless, few research works in this field have been reported to date [12, 13]. EXPERIMENT: Preparation of the MnO2 ink. All chemicals were analytical reagents purchased from International Laboratory USA and were used without further purification. The aqueous MnO2 ink was prepared according to the previous report with some modifications [14]. Typically, 10wt% glucose solution was prepared
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by dissolving 1 g glucose (A.R.) into 10 ml deionized (DI) water and treated by microwave hydrothermal process at 350 psi and 300 °C for 10 min to obtain highly cryst
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