Arithmetic Coding for Data Compression
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Arithmetic Coding for Data Compression 1994; Howard, Vitter PAUL G. HOWARD1 , JEFFREY SCOTT VITTER2 1 Microway, Inc., Plymouth, MA, USA 2 Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA Keywords and Synonyms Entropy coding; Statistical data compression Problem Definition Often it is desirable to encode a sequence of data efficiently to minimize the number of bits required to transmit or store the sequence. The sequence may be a file or message consisting of symbols (or letters or characters) taken from a fixed input alphabet, but more generally the sequence
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can be thought of as consisting of events, each taken from its own input set. Statistical data compression is concerned with encoding the data in a way that makes use of probability estimates of the events. Lossless compression has the property that the input sequence can be reconstructed exactly from the encoded sequence. Arithmetic coding is a nearly-optimal statistical coding technique that can produce a lossless encoding. Problem (Statistical data compression) INPUT: A sequence of m events a1 ; a2 ; : : : ; a m . The ith event ai is taken from a set of n distinct possible events e i;1 ; e i;2 ; : : : ; e i;n , with
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