Artificial Cognitive Architectures Review
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Artificial Cognitive Architectures Review Alexander Toschev1
· Max Talanov1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work we present the review of cognitive architectures and bio-inspired approaches used for cognitive modeling with focus on consciousness and common sense computational implementation. Keywords Cognitive modeling · Common sense · Consciousness · Models
1 Introduction
2 Origin of Consciousness
In this paper we describe different models for cognition, consciousness, artificial intelligence and their implementation. There are already several works done in the field of the cognitive architectures [29, 31, 36]. We address the field of cognitive architectures as the part of the artificial intelligence and the cognitive science domains. There are several models in the cognitive science related to different areas:
We used this approach in software maintenance automation domain A consciousness is a mystery since the origin of the humanity, up until twentieth century it was associated with spiritualistic definition of “soul.” The first known research in this area was done by Duncan MacDougall in 1907 [28] where he detected the weight of the “soul” by measuring live and dead human body. This was the first try to prove the existence of a consciousness. More or less it can be recognized as start in research of consciousness. Later methods became not so cruel because of inverted in 1846 by William Thomas Green Morton general anesthesia. General anesthesia performs a shutdown of consciousness (temporal “death”) which opened the possibility to study and understand what consciousness is. At the beginning of twenty-first century the existence of consciousness not only in humans [43], mammal, but also plants [52] was indicated. However, modeling of an artificial consciousness still persists as the ultimate goal of a lot of researchers since the invention of computational machines. One of the significant neurobiological theories of origin of consciousness is the integrated information theory (IIT) created by Tononi [43–46]. The theory is focused on the integrated information that a system is capable to process Φ; the higher is this value, the higher is the measurement of consciousness. We can not underestimate works of Chalmers [9, 10] and Dennet [11, 12] that currently could be understood as philosophical cornerstones of the modern post-cognitivist philosophy of consciousness. There are still two types of the systems and models bio-plausible and and non-bio-plausible. Since computation
1. Cognition; 2. Consciousness; 3. General intelligence. There are two classes of models: bio-inspired and symbolic. The 1st class related to representing bio-plausible models of intelligence; the 2nd class represents models that implement only functions but not the way they implemented. We see some big and still open questions in the field of artificial intelligence like consciousness. We start with models and approaches description and end up with state-of-the-art review of 27 cogniti
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