Artificial intelligence in detection and segmentation of internal auditory canal and its nerves using deep learning tech
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Artificial intelligence in detection and segmentation of internal auditory canal and its nerves using deep learning techniques S. Jeevakala1
· C. Sreelakshmi1 · Keerthi Ram1 · Rajeswaram Rangasami2 · Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam1,3
Received: 13 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 © CARS 2020
Abstract Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging is a burgeoning topic that involves the interpretation of complex image structures. The recent advancements in deep learning techniques increase the computational powers to extract vital features without human intervention. The automatic detection and segmentation of subtle tissue such as the internal auditory canal (IAC) and its nerves is a challenging task, and it can be improved using deep learning techniques. Methods The main scope of this research is to present an automatic method to detect and segment the IAC and its nerves like the facial nerve, cochlear nerve, inferior vestibular nerve, and superior vestibular nerve. To address this issue, we propose a Mask R-CNN approach driven with U-net to detect and segment the IAC and its nerves. The Mask R-CNN with its backbone network of the RESNET50 model learns a background-based localization policy to produce an actual bounding box of the IAC. Furthermore, the U-net segments the structure related information of IAC and its nerves by learning its features. Results The proposed method was experimented on clinical datasets of 50 different patients including adults and children. The localization of IAC using Mask R-CNN was evaluated using Intersection of Union (IoU), and segmentation of IAC and its nerves was evaluated using Dice similarity coefficient. Conclusions The localization result shows that mean IoU of RESNET50, RESNET101 are 0.79 and 0.74, respectively. The Dice similarity coefficient of IAC and its nerves using region growing, PSO and U-net method scored 92%, 94%, and 96%, respectively. The result shows that the proposed method outperform better in localization and segmentation of IAC and its nerves. Thus, AI aids the radiologists in making the right decisions as the localization and segmentation of IAC is accurate. Keywords Mask R-CNN · U-net · Localization · Segmentation · Internal auditory canal
Introduction Cranial nerve VIII plays a vital role in transferring sound and balance information to person’s brain. The eighth cranial nerves viz auditory (cochlear) nerves and vestibular nerves are important in clinical medicine. The common clin-
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S. Jeevakala [email protected] Rajeswaram Rangasami [email protected] Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam [email protected]
1
Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
2
Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
3
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
ical complaints pertaining to the auditory nerves are tinnitus and hearing impairment (sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)) whereas with vestibular nerves are vertigo/ benign paroxysm
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