Assessment of Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Ultrasonography in Relation to Histopathology in Cases of
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Assessment of Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Ultrasonography in Relation to Histopathology in Cases of Solitary Thyroid Nodule Rekha Harshvardhan1 • Vikas Jorwal2 • Shubhangi Gupta1 Ritu Sehra1 • Sunita Agarwal1
•
Vijay Sharma1
•
Received: 28 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 Association of Otolaryngologists of India 2020
Abstract The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland situated in the lower part of front and the sides of the neck. Thyroid nodules are very common with estimated prevalence that ranges from 4% by palpation to 67% by Ultrasonography. The main purpose of our study was to detect cases of thyroid carcinoma preoperatively in patients with solitary thyroid nodules and subsequently advise surgery in these selected patients only, without missing any malignancy. The goal of the investigating modalities used was that they should detect maximum (ideally all) cases of carcinoma and minimize the number of patients who might end up with unnecessary surgery. The present study was to be undertaken for assessment of accuracy of FNAC & USG in relation to Histopathology in cases of solitary thyroid nodule (accuracy in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value). In our series of total 102 pateints, 90 patients were females (88.2%) and 12 cases were males (11.8%). The overall incidence of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules is 15.68%. In our series the sensitivity and specificity of Fine needle aspiration cytology and Ultrasonography was 81.25% & 98.84% and 75% and 77.91% respectively. The closest method to ideal was fine needle aspiration cytology. However, a combination of techniques, rather than a single technique, give optimum results & avoid unnecessary surgery in a greater number of patients without missing any malignancy.
& Shubhangi Gupta [email protected] 1
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
2
Soni Group of Hospitals, Jaipur, India
Keywords Solitary thyroid nodule Fine needle aspiration cytology, Ultrasonography Benign Malignancy
Introduction The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland situated in the lower part of front and the sides of the neck. Its main function is regulation of the basal metabolic rate, stimulates somatic and psychic growth and plays important role in calcium metabolism. The term thyroid is derived from Greek, which means shield (Thyros – shield, eidos – form). Any enlargement of the thyroid gland is called goiter. A solitary nodule is a goiter which, on clinical examination appears to be a single nodule in one lobe of the thyroid with no palpable abnormality elsewhere in the gland [1]. Thyroid nodules are very common with estimated prevalence that ranges from 4% by palpation to 67% by Ultrasonography [2, 3]. Autopsy studies reveal that 50% of adults had nodules, the majority of which are impalpable [4]. Thyroid nodules are 4 times more common in females than in men [5]. Because thyroid nodularity is so common, it would
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