Assessment of Carotid Artery Distensibility and Elasticity After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Prospective Study
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Assessment of Carotid Artery Distensibility and Elasticity After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Prospective Study Aylin Güneşli 1
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Mustafa Yılmaz 2 & Cihan Altın 3 & Esin Gezmiş 4 & Hakan Yabanoğlu 5 & Varlık Erol 6
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Although it is well known that obesity increases the risk of atherosclerosis in carotid arteries, it is not clear whether this risk changes after obesity surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether weight reduction with a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has any effect on distensibility and elasticity which show subclinical atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries of obese individuals. Materials and Methods This prospective study included 130 patients (body mass index (BMI) 48.21 ± 6.97 kg/m2) who underwent LSG. The patients were followed up for 1 year. Comparisons were made of the distensibiliy and elasticity values calculated preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, postoperatively. Results There was a statistically significant increase in distensibility and elasticity values from baseline to 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). The multiple linear regression analysis was used to find the variables affecting both distensibility and elasticity. According to the results, the presence of BMI decreases distensibility percentage change level by 0.38 units (β= − 0.38, 95% CI − 0.51;− 0.25, p < 0.001). The presence of fasting plasma glucose decreases elasticity percentage change level by 0.20 units. (β= − 0.20, 95% CI − 0.39; − 0.01, p = 0.037). Conclusion Carotid artery distensibility and elasticity values increase after LSG, and this change could be caused by the change in metabolic parameters and heart geometry. These results may indirectly suggest that subclinical atherosclerosis in carotid arteries has decreased after obesity surgery. Keywords Atherosclerosis . Bariatric surgery . Carotid artery . Obesity . Stiffness
Introduction
* Aylin Güneşli [email protected] Mustafa Yılmaz [email protected] Cihan Altın [email protected] Esin Gezmiş [email protected] Hakan Yabanoğlu [email protected] Varlık Erol [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Obesity is an increasingly common public health problem worldwide, and there has been observed to be an associated increase in morbidity and mortality, especially in developed and developing countries [1]. The relationship of many diseases, especially hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer with obesity, has been clearly shown. In addition, the negative effect of obesity on carotid arteries has been well known for many years [2, 3]. Although bariatric surgery was first used in the treatment of obesity in the 1950s, it has become a frequently used treatment option in recent years. Many different surgical techniques are currently available, the most frequently preferred of which are
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