Assessment of energy-saving potential, associated costs and co-benefits of public buildings in Albania
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Assessment of energy-saving potential, associated costs and co-benefits of public buildings in Albania Aleksandra Novikova & Zsuzsa Szalay & Miklós Horváth & Johannes Becker & Gjergji Simaku & Tamás Csoknyai
Received: 22 October 2019 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The paper presents the public building typology, energy demand estimations and retrofit scenarios, as well as associated costs and benefits for energysaving measures in the public building stock of Albania. First, representative building types were identified to estimate their energy performance, and define retrofit Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-020-09883-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. A. Novikova : J. Becker Institute for Climate Protection, Energy and Mobility (IKEM), Magazinstr. 15-16, 10179 Berlin, Germany e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Z. Szalay Department of Construction Materials and Technologies, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3, Budapest 1111, Hungary e-mail: [email protected] M. Horváth : T. Csoknyai (*) Department of Building Services and Process Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp 3, Budapest 1111, Hungary e-mail: [email protected]
M. Horváth e-mail: [email protected] G. Simaku Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy, Sheshi “Skenderbej”, 1000 Tirana, Albania e-mail: [email protected]
packages. Second, this information was used to analyse the costs and benefits of the different thermal efficiency retrofits. Apart from specific benefits due to cost savings in the use phase, co-benefits were estimated to understand their dimension and influence on decision-making. Finally, energy efficiency supply curves were developed to show the priority sequence of retrofits and building types. It was found that due to the growing wealth in Albania, user behaviour will change a lot in the future. Energy usage in the public building sector will increase and mitigate savings resulting from energy-saving measures making saved energy costs invisible. However, if other benefits beyond energy savings are considered, the cost efficiency of the measures remain obvious. The recommended approach can be used to assist decision-making and allocate funds. Keywords Public buildings . Energy efficiency . Building typology . Bottom-up modelling . Supply curve of energy efficiency . Co-benefits
Introduction Following a steep decline in the 1990s, Albania’s economic growth reached 7.5% per year in 2008 (World Bank (online) 2016a). Economic growth declined in the years after the global financial crisis, but has been on the rise again since 2014. In order to maintain the high rates of economic growth, Albania increasingly needs access to a long-term, secure, affordable and sustainable energy
Energy Efficiency
supply, and it
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