Assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Iraqi People in 2019 by Using (STOP-BANG) Model
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MEDICINE
Assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Iraqi People in 2019 by Using (STOP-BANG) Model Hashim Talib Hashim 1 Accepted: 2 October 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract OSA is generally called obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, also referred to as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, and is associated with severe daytime sleepiness. In reality, there is no study on the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in Iraq because it is unconsidered in the community as a major health problem and people consider it a simple problem and even they are not aware that it is a major health problem in the community. To assess the risk of obstructive sleep apnea among Iraqi people in 2019 by using STOP-BANG assessment model. It is a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate OSA risk. The questionnaire was carried out in Arabic. The research involved 4027 (14–68) participants in all Governorates of Iraq (18 Governorates) were disqualified because they had already been diagnosed with OSA. The age mean was 33.50 years, and the standard deviation was 12,735. The participants were 52.1% males (1995) and 47.9% females (1832). Sixty-two percent of participants had low OSA risk (2372), 14.8% had moderate OSA risk (568), and 23.2% had a high OSA risk (887). Just 23.2% are most vulnerable to the production of obstructive sleep apnea in Maysan, Kirkuk, and Anbar. Keywords Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) . STOP-BANG model . Assessment . Polysomnography
Abbreviations OSA Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that is also called hypopnea, and it is related to psychiatry too. OSA requires cessation or substantial reduction of airflow in the presence of breathing effort. It is commonly diagnosed with polysomnography (PSG) and might lead to life-threatening complications if untreated. Many screening questionnaires were developed to screen and identify high-risk patients [1–6]. This article is part of the Topical Collection on Medicine * Hashim Talib Hashim [email protected]; [email protected] 1
College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, 400 street, Near Al-Nasiriyah Heart center, Nasiriyah, Thi Qar, Iraq
It is the most common form of sleep-disordered respiration and is characterized by repeated episodes of collapse of the upper airway during sleep. These episodes are associated with chronic desaturations of oxyhemoglobin, and sleep excitement [1]. OSA is also referred to as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, also known as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea, and is associated with prolonged daytime sleepiness [1–4]. In general, in patients with OSA, physical examination is common, apart from obesity (body mass index, > 30 kg/m2), an enlarged neck circumference (men, > 43 cm; women, > 37 cm), and hypertension. Aging is an important factor of risk for OSA. OSA prevalence increases two to three times in older persons (> 65 years) compared with individuals aged 30–64 years [5, 6], with an average incidence as high as 65% in a popula
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