Assessment of Water Quality Parameters in Real-Time Environment
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Assessment of Water Quality Parameters in Real‑Time Environment Punit Khatri1 · Karunesh Kumar Gupta1 · Raj Kumar Gupta2 Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020
Abstract Assessment of drinking water quality has been an important issue nowadays as the water available is severely polluted and can be the cause of diseases like cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, etc. The traditional methods for water quality monitoring require a high-labor-cost and tine consumption as these methods include a sample collection followed by lab-based chemical testing. In addition, the chemicals used in the testing are toxic and of high-cost. So, there is a need for real-time monitoring and chemical-free testing of water quality parameters. This paper presents a real-time water quality monitoring system based on the Raspberry Pi 3 development board and a Python framework. The water quality parameters utilized for water quality monitoring are temperature, pH, oxidation reduction potential, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen and E. coli. The water quality sensors were interfaced with the designed embedded platform. Finally, the acquired parameters were compared with the benchmark equipment for validation. Keywords Drinking water quality · Raspberry pi · Open-source software · Python · Benchmark equipment
Introduction Water is an essential resource of living on the planet, whether it is for drinking purposes, industrial purpose, irrigation, or any other application. Globally, we utilize 70% of our water assets for agriculture and irrigation purpose and 10% for residential use [1]. It is consumed carelessly by the human being day by day. The rapid population growth has increased the consumption of water, but the resources (either natural or humanmade) are limited. The level of available water is regularly decreasing and may create a worse situation in the future. In developing countries, as much as 80% of sicknesses are connected to poor water quality and sanitation conditions [2]. India is one of the most water-challenged developing countries in the world. In India, 5% of death in an individual is due to diarrhea, which is among the top ten death causes in India. Death statistics in India are shown in
* Punit Khatri [email protected]‑pilani.ac.in 1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
2
Fig. 1. These are a few of the reasons behind drinking water quality assessment before consumption. Earlier people were using traditional water quality monitoring techniques involving sample collection on-site and laboratory-based chemical experimentation. This conventional method was time-consuming as well as labor and cost-intensive [3]. So, there was a need to have chemicalfree testing and on-site measurement, which could avoid the use of high-cost toxic chemicals. To overc
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