Association between laryngopharyngeal reflux disease and autonomic nerve dysfunction
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LARYNGOLOGY
Association between laryngopharyngeal reflux disease and autonomic nerve dysfunction A. Min Wang1 · Gang Wang1 · Ning Huang1 · Yan Yan Zheng1 · Fan Yang1 · Xia Qiu1 · Xian Ming Chen1 Received: 16 April 2019 / Accepted: 17 May 2019 / Published online: 8 June 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Purpose To assess autonomic nerve function in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) and determine the correlation between LPRD and autonomic nerve dysfunction. Methods Patients with suspected LPRD who visited our outpatient department were assessed using the reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) scales. Eighty-one suspected LPRD patients with RSI > 13 and RFS > 7 were examined using 5-min short-range heart rate variability, and all were given proton pump inhibitor diagnostic treatment. Results The root mean square of successive R–R intervals, high-frequency (HF) power, standardized HF, and HF % were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (p 3 months. The exclusion criteria were (1) the presence of diabetes, hypertension, malignant tumor, respiratory disease, endocrine disease, heart disease, arrhythmia, cardiac chest pain, recent episode of stroke, upper gastrointestinal disease, or other serious systemic diseases and upper abdominal surgery; (2) recent use of drugs that can affect vagal nerve function, such as cholinergic agonists or antagonists, antisecretory drugs, adrenergic agonists or antagonists, antipsychotics, immunomodulators, antiemetics or drugs that promote gastric motility, and prostaglandin analogs; (3) long-term smoking or alcohol abuse and consumption of caffeinated or alcoholic beverages 24 h before the experiment; and (4) menstruation, pregnancy, or lactation. Based on these exclusion criteria, a total of 53 patients were included in this study as the case group. The control group comprised randomly selected healthy individuals from the physical examination center of our hospital. The inclusion criteria for this group were as follows: age, 18–60 years; RSI 7 were used to identify patients with suspected LPRD.
Assessment of autonomic nerve function Short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was performed for 81 patients with suspected LPRD and the controls. A DiCare m1CP Micro Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) recorder was used to record the V5-lead ECG of the subjects in a static state for 5 min, and the sinus rhythm was automatically detected for HRV analysis. Further, the Kubios HRV version 2.1 analysis software was used to analyze the HRV time-domain and frequency-domain values. Time-domain indicators included the standard deviation of the average normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) and root mean square of successive R–R interval (RMSSD), whereas frequency-domain indicators included total power (TP) of 0.00–0.40 Hz, low-frequency (LF) power of 0.04–0.15 Hz, high-frequency (HF) power of 0.15–0.40 Hz, standardized
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European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (2019) 276:2283–2287
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