Association of Environmental Parameters with COVID-19 in Delhi, India
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Association of Environmental Parameters with COVID-19 in Delhi, India Nikhilesh Ladha1 • Pankaj Bhardwaj1 • Jaykaran Charan2 • Prasenjit Mitra3 • Jagdish Prasad Goyal4 • Praveen Sharma3 • Kuldeep Singh4 • Sanjeev Misra5
Received: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 Ó Association of Clinical Biochemists of India 2020
Abstract The present study explores the association between weather and COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi, India. The study used the data from daily newspaper releases from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Linear regression was run to understand the effect of the number of tests, temperature, and relative humidity on the number of COVID-19 cases in Delhi. The model was significantly able to predict number of COVID-19 cases, F (4,56) = 1213.61, p \ 0.05, accounting for 99.4% of the variation in COVID-19 cases with adjusted R2 = 98.8%. Maximum Temperature, average temperature and average relative humidity did not show statistical significance. The only number of tests was significantly associated with COVID-19 cases. Keywords COVID-19 Temperature Humidity Cases
& Jagdish Prasad Goyal [email protected] 1
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
2
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
3
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
4
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
5
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Introduction The whole world, including India, is facing the Coronavirus pandemic which was started in Wuhan provenance of China in December 2019. In India, the first case of coronavirus was detected on January 30, 2020, in Kerala, and till June 1, 2020, 8:00 am 19,0648 cases have been confirmed. The Indian government has taken stringent action to fight against the COVID-19 by timely lockdown throughout the country and taking various measures like increasing the testing capability and increasing the number of beds for the management of COVID-19 patients. The 5 most populous cities in India are Mumbai, Maharashtra (18.4 million people), Delhi, Delhi (16.3 million people), Bangalore, Karnataka (8.44 million people), Hyderabad, Telangana (6.73 million people), and Ahmedabad, Gujarat (5.57 million people). The spread of novel SARS CoV- 2 between people, seems to be primarily via respiratory droplets and aerosols and fomites; however, transmission through the feco-oral route is also a possibility [1]. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity influence the spread of coronavirus transmission [2]. The other viruses of coronavirus family including SARS CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) showed temporal association with temperature and humidity [3, 4]. The previous research from China showed a negativ
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