Associations between depressive complaints and indicators of labour participation among older Dutch employees: a prospec
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Associations between depressive complaints and indicators of labour participation among older Dutch employees: a prospective cohort study Jacqueline G. M. Jennen1 · N. W. H. Jansen1 · L. G. P. M. van Amelsvoort1 · J. J. M. Slangen1 · I. J. Kant1 Received: 22 November 2019 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose European policy measures have led to an increased net labour participation of older employees. Yet, via different routes (for instance disability schemes) employees still often leave the labour market early. Mental health may be an important factor hindering labour participation. Aims of this study are twofold: first, to examine the relationship between mental health—particularly depressive complaints—and indicators of labour participation among older employees over a 2-year follow-up period and second, to explore the impact of different work contexts when studying this relation. Methods A subsample of older employees (aged > 45 years; n = 1253) from the Maastricht Cohort Study was studied. Depressive complaints were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Logistic and Cox regression analyses covered 2 years of follow-up and were also stratified for relevant work-related factors. Results Employees with mild depressive complaints showed statistically significantly higher risks for poor mental workability (HR 2.60, 95% CI 1.14–5.92) and high psychological disengagement levels (HR 2.35, 95% CI 1.21–4.57) over time compared to employees without depressive complaints. Within various work contexts, for instance in which employees perform physically demanding work or have high psychological job demands, significantly stronger associations were found between depressive complaints and poor mental workability over time. Conclusions This study shows strong longitudinal associations between depressive complaints and indicators of labour participation, also within different work contexts over time. Results provide valuable input for developing preventive measure aiming to enhance sustainable labour participation of older employees. Keywords Older workers · Depressive complaints · Labour participation · Longitudinal · Work context
Introduction In many developed Western countries, there is a need to increase labour market participation due to amongst others longevity and several policies have already been developed and implemented (European Commission 2014). The Europe 2020 strategy targets at increasing the working population’s employment rate to at least 75 per cent (European Commission 2014). Besides policies at the EU level, many national policy measures focus on increasing labour participation * Jacqueline G. M. Jennen [email protected] 1
Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
of older employees. Employees from 45 years onwards are defined as older employees by the WHO (Ilmarinen 2005). For instance, The
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