Astrocytic Involvement in the Maturation Phenomenon After Temporary Cerebral Ischemia

Astrocytes support neuronal functions by regulating the extracellular ion homeostasis and levels of neurotransmitters, and by providing fuel such as lactate to the neurons via their processes (APs). After two 10-min unilateral carotid occlusions with a 5-

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Edema XV

123

Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements Editor: H.-J. Steiger

Brain Edema XV Edited by Yoichi Katayama, Takeshi Maeda, and Toshihiko Kuroiwa Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement 118

Yoichi Katayama Department of Neurological Surgery Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan Takeshi Maeda Departments of Neurological Surgery and Anesthesiology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo, Japan Toshihiko Kuroiwa Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Namegata District General Hospital Ibaraki, Japan

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Wien SpringerWienNewYork is part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.at Typesetting: SPI, Pondichery, India Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper Library of Congress Control Number: 2013936438 With 46 (partly coloured) Figures ISSN 0065-1419 ISBN 978-3-7091-1433-9 ISBN 978-3-7091-1434-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6 Springer Wien Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

Preface

I am delighted to be able to hold and scrutinize this book, the 15th volume in the series of proceedings which covers the official symposia of the International Brain Edema Society. The first symposium was held in Vienna in 1965 under the auspices of Drs. Igor Klazo and Franz Seitelberger. The 15th symposium (Brain Edema 2011, The XVth International Symposium of Brain Edema and Cellular Inj