Atlas of Parathyroid Surgery
This Atlas is designed to illustrate different techniques on how to perform successful parathyroidectomy by using traditional four gland exploration approach and minimally invasive approaches, such as the open minimally invasive approach, video-assisted a
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Atlas of Parathyroid Surgery
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Atlas of Parathyroid Surgery
Alexander Shifrin Editor
Atlas of Parathyroid Surgery
Editor Alexander Shifrin Department of Surgery Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune, NJ USA
ISBN 978-3-030-40755-1 ISBN 978-3-030-40756-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40756-8 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
In memory of my father, Leonid Shifrin, the inventor of thromboelastographs, and my uncle, Vadim Shifrin, pediatric surgeon. To my mother, Margarita Shifrina, for her love and endless support. To my beloved children, Michael, Daniel, Benjamin, Julia, Christian, and Liam, who continue to provide perspective on what is truly important in life. To the love of my life, Svetlana L. Krasnova, for her love, patience, and encouragement.
Preface
The treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism involves the removal of abnormally enlarged parathyroid gland or glands with the goal of the surgery to normalize parathyroid hormone level and to achieve eucalcemia. Four-gland parathyroid exploration remains the gold standard approach for parathyroid surgery. A minimally invasive, focused, or targeted approach to remove a single parathyroid gland (an adenoma) has become a widely accepted approach for the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism, since about 85% of patients will develop only a single parathyroid adenoma as a cause of the disease. Multiple radiological tests have been developed to localize a parathyroid adenoma and to facilitate with the minimally invasive surgical approach. Nevertheless, a classic statement by John Doppman made in 1986 remains accurate that “the only localization study ind
