Atrial inflammation in different atrial fibrillation subtypes and its relation with clinical risk factors
- PDF / 1,486,417 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 85 Downloads / 192 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Atrial inflammation in different atrial fibrillation subtypes and its relation with clinical risk factors Linghe Wu1,2 · R. W. Emmens1,2 · J. van Wezenbeek1,2 · W. Stooker4 · C. P. Allaart5 · A. B. A. Vonk2,3 · A. C. van Rossum5 · H. W. M. Niessen1,2,3 · P. A. J. Krijnen1,2 Received: 14 October 2019 / Accepted: 5 February 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Objective Inflammation of the atria is an important factor in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the extent of atrial inflammation relates with clinical risk factors of AF, however, is largely unknown. This we have studied comparing patients with paroxysmal and long-standing persistent/permanent AF. Methods Left atrial tissue was obtained from 50 AF patients (paroxysmal = 20, long-standing persistent/permanent = 30) that underwent a left atrial ablation procedure either or not in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve surgery. Herein, the numbers of CD45+ and CD3+ inflammatory cells were quantified and correlated with the AF risk factors age, gender, diabetes, and blood CRP levels. Results The numbers of CD45+ and CD3+ cells were significantly higher in the adipose tissue of the atria compared with the myocardium in all AF patients but did not differ between AF subtypes. The numbers of CD45+ and CD3+ cells did not relate significantly to gender or diabetes in any of the AF subtypes. However, the inflammatory infiltrates as well as CK-MB and CRP blood levels increased significantly with increasing age in long-standing persistent/permanent AF and a moderate positive correlation was found between the extent of atrial inflammation and the CRP blood levels in both AF subtypes. Conclusion The extent of left atrial inflammation in AF patients was not related to the AF risk factors, diabetes and gender, but was associated with increasing age in patients with long-standing persistent/permanent AF. This may be indicative for a role of inflammation in the progression to long-standing persistent/permanent AF with increasing age. Graphic abstract
Keywords Atrial fibrillation · Lymphocytes · Inflammation · Risk factors
* Linghe Wu [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Clinical Research in Cardiology
Introduction
Materials and methods
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of sustained cardiac arrhythmia [1], and is associated with an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and death [2–4]. Estimates on the incidence of AF (diagnosed and undiagnosed) in the general adult population ranged from 0.95 to 2.5% [5]. Multiple clinical risk factors are associated with a significantly increased prevalence of AF, including age [6], gender [5], and diabetes mellitus (DM) [3, 7], although the exact pathophysiology is still unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation is an important denominator in the pathogenesis of AF. For instance, increased systemic inflammation appears to relate to AF burden and persistence [8]
Data Loading...
