Authoring Tools for Advanced Technology Learning Environments Toward

Researchers and educational software developers have talked about building authoring tools for intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs), adaptive and knowled- based instructional systems, and other forms of advanced-technology learning environments (ATLEs) eve

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Authoring Tools for Advanced Technology Learning Environments Toward Cost-Effective Adaptive, Interactive and Intelligent Educational Software edited by

Tom Murray Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

Stephen Blessing Carnegie Learning, Inc., Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. and

Shaaron Ainsworth University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K.

SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

ISBN 978-90-481-6499-8

ISBN 978-94-017-0819-7 (eBook)

DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-0819-7

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 200 3 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 200 3 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Table of Contents Preface

ix

Contributors

xiii

Acknowledgements

xvii

SECTION I: AUTHORING TUTORS FOR DEVICE AND PROCESS SIMULATIONS 1.

SIMQUEST: Authoring Educational Simulations

1

Wouter R. van Joolingen & Ton de Jong

2.

Requiem for a Development System: Reflections on Knowledge-Based, Generative Instruction

33

Henry M. Halff, Pattricia Y. Hsieh, Brenda M. Wenzel, Tom J. Chudanov, Mary T. Dirnberger, Elizabeth G. Gibson & Carol L. Redfield

3.

Authoring Simulation-Centered Learning Environments with Rides and Vivids

61

Allen Munro

SECTION II: AUTHORING TUTORS THAT ENCODE HUMAN EXPERTISE 4.

A Programming by Demonstration Authoring Tool for Model-Tracing Tutors

93

Stephen B. Blessing

5.

Automated Knowledge Acquisition for Intelligent Support of Diagnostic Reasoning

121

Douglas Towne

6.

Formative Evaluation of an Automated Knowledge Elicitation and Organization Tool Valerie J. Shute & Lisa A. Torreano v

149

vi

7.

CONTENTS

Using Knowledge Objects to Design Instructional Learning Environments

181

M. David Merrill

SECTION III: AUTHORING TUTORS THAT INCLUDE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES 8.

REDEEM: Simple Intelligent Tutoring Systems from Usable Tools

205

Shaaron Ainsworth, Nigel Major, Shirley Grimshaw, Mary Hayes, Jean Underwood, Ben Williams & David Wood

9.

The IRIS Authoring Tool

233

Ana Arruarte, Begoña Ferrero, Isabel Fernández-Castro, Maite Urretavizcaya, Ainhoa Álvarez & Jim Greer

10. CREAM-Tools : An Authoring Environment for Knowledge Engineering in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

269

Roger Nkambou, Claude Frasson & Gilles Gauthier

11. Eon: Authoring Tools for Content, Instructional Strategy, Student Model, and Interface Design

309

Tom Murray

SECTION IV: SPECIAL PURPOSE AUTHORING TOOLS 12. Supporting Educational Software Design With Knowledge-Rich Tools

341

Benjamin Bell

13. Developing Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems: From D