Automatic Registration of INSAT-3D Daily Images Using Mutual Information and Stochastic Optimization Technique
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Automatic Registration of INSAT-3D Daily Images Using Mutual Information and Stochastic Optimization Technique Manthira Moorthi Subbiah1,2
•
Debajyoti Dhar3 • Sivakumar Ramamoorthy4
Received: 15 May 2017 / Accepted: 25 July 2018 / Published online: 31 July 2018 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2018
Abstract An automatic image registration approach is presented here can be used to register daily images of Indian geostationary satellite system INSAT-3D acquired every 30 min’ interval without use of any ground control points (GCPs). There is always a pressing need to register meteorological images that are acquired over earth from geostationary platforms every 15–30 min, covering almost one-third of the earth. Weather forecast activities include derivation of atmospheric motion vectors, which demand immediate processing of such images to a reasonable accuracy in terms of its relative location accuracy. Generally followed approaches make use of image navigation models and GCPs drawn from known landmarks in land ocean boundaries and correlate image features before estimating a transform to warp the current acquisition to a known geometry. However, the hierarchical (coarse to fine) approach explained here makes use of intensity based Mutual Information as a similarity measure from a population of pixels selected randomly and uses stochastic gradient descent optimizer to estimate an affine transform between registering image pair, delivers satisfactory results. Keywords INSAT-3D Image registration Mutual information Stochastic optimization
Introduction INSAT-3D launched in July, 2013 is an exclusive meteorological satellite which carries an Earth–Atmosphere imager and an atmospheric sounder. The imager is a multiElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-018-0820-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Manthira Moorthi Subbiah [email protected] Debajyoti Dhar [email protected] Sivakumar Ramamoorthy [email protected] 1
ODPD/SIPG, Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380015, India
2
Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
3
SIPG, Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380015, India
4
Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
channel instrument that senses radiant energy and reflected solar energy from the Earth’s surface and atmosphere. The sounder provides data to determine the vertical temperature and moisture profile of the atmosphere, surface and cloud top temperatures, and ozone distribution. The instruments aboard INSAT-3D observe the Earth in a total of 25 channels at wavelength between 0.37 and 14.8 lm. It generates images of the earth in six wavelength bands significant for meteorological observations viz., visible (0.52–0.72 lm), shortwave infrared (1.55–1.70 lm), middle infrared (3.80–4.00 lm), water vapor (6.50–7.00 lm) and two bands in therma
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