Averaged current mode control for maximum power point tracking in high-gain photovoltaic applications
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Averaged current mode control for maximum power point tracking in high‑gain photovoltaic applications David de la Rosa Romo1 · Rodrigo Loera‑Palomo2 · Michel Rivero2,3 · Francisco S. Sellschopp‑Sánchez1 Received: 20 December 2019 / Revised: 26 August 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 © The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020
Abstract Efficient extraction of the maximum power from photovoltaic (PV) systems under inherently variable weather conditions is a key issue that has been tackled in recent years. Maximum power extraction techniques are relevant for increasing the penetration of PV systems into electric systems. This paper presents an averaged current mode control strategy as a maximum power extraction technique in a photovoltaic high step-up dc–dc converter, which can be applied to dc microgrids or ac networks through power inverters. Since the generated power of a photovoltaic system is related to the terminal voltage, power extraction is given through the regulation of the converter’s input voltage. For this purpose, in the proposed averaged current mode control, the inner current loop uses the inductor current as a feedback signal, which improves the dynamic behavior of the converter with a simple gain. Meanwhile, the outer voltage loop is built with a proportional-integrative controller for regulation. The converter and control strategy are able to track rapid irradiance changes. They are also able to maintain the photovoltaic voltage regulation under dc bus voltage variations. The performance of the proposed control scheme is validated experimentally with a 100 W converter prototype. Keywords Multiloop control · MPPT · Photovoltaic system · High step-up converter · DC–DC converters
1 Introduction In the last few decades, renewable energies have become a significant electric power source that contributes to mitigating climate change effects and helps cope with the increase in fossil fuels price. Among the different renewable energy sources, solar and wind energies are the ones that present exponential growth. The main drawback of both sources is intermittency due to their dependency on inherently variable weather conditions. This variability makes necessary the use of power electronic converters and control strategies for maximum power point tracking (MPPT), which are used to determine the generated power that is injected into electric networks.
* Rodrigo Loera‑Palomo [email protected] 1
InstitutoTecnológico de la Laguna, Torreón, Mexico
2
CONACYT, Instituto Tecnológico de la Laguna, Torreón, Mexico
3
Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Unidad Morelia, UNAM, Morelia, Mexico
In general, a photovoltaic (PV) system consists of a PV module or PV array, a power electronic converter and a MPPT strategy. In this system, the objective is the maximization of PV generated power, since the efficiency of PV modules are around 6–20% [1]. Despite the power electronic interface, the maximum power extraction of PV modules is realized through MPPT techniques, which mak
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