Axion quality from the (anti)symmetric of SU( N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ )
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Springer
Received: July 30, Revised: September 3, Accepted: September 30, Published: November 18,
2020 2020 2020 2020
Axion quality from the (anti)symmetric of SU(N )
a
Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Fermi”, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa I-56127, Italy b DESY, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg D-22607, Germany c INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, Pisa I-56127, Italy d Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China e School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We propose two models where a U(1) Peccei-Quinn global symmetry arises accidentally and is respected up to high-dimensional operators, so that the axion solution to the strong CP problem is successful even in the presence of Planck-suppressed operators. One model is SU(N ) gauge interactions with fermions in the fundamental and a scalar in the symmetric. The axion arises from spontaneous symmetry breaking to SO(N ), that confines at a lower energy scale. Axion quality in the model needs N & 10. SO bound states and possibly monopoles provide extra Dark Matter candidates beyond the axion. In the second model the scalar is in the anti-symmetric: SU(N ) broken to Sp(N ) needs even N & 20. The cosmological DM abundance, consisting of axions and/or super-heavy relics, can be reproduced if the PQ symmetry is broken before inflation (Boltzmann-suppressed production of super-heavy relics) or after (super-heavy relics in thermal equilibrium get partially diluted by dark glue-ball decays). Keywords: Beyond Standard Model, Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM, Global Symmetries ArXiv ePrint: 2007.12663
c The Authors. Open Access, Article funded by SCOAP3 .
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2020)090
JHEP11(2020)090
Marco Ardu,a Luca Di Luzio,b Giacomo Landini,a,c Alessandro Strumia,a Daniele Teresia,c and Jin-Wei Wanga,d,e
Contents 1 Introduction
1
2 Outline of the models
3 4 5 6 6 7 10 10 11
4 Symmetric scalar that breaks SU(N ) → SO(N ) 4.1 Symmetry breaking and perturbative spectrum 4.2 Confinement and bound states 4.3 Higher dimensional operators 4.4 SU(N )/SO(N ) monopoles? 4.5 Cosmology and Dark Matter 4.5.1 PQ broken before inflation, TRH . fa 4.5.2 PQ broken after inflation, TRH & fa
14 15 15 16 17 17 18 18
5 Conclusions
19
1
Introduction
The Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem [1, 2] has a problematic aspect: it relies on a global U(1)PQ symmetry which, although broken at low energy by the QCD anomaly, must be an extremely good symmetry of high-energy physics. This issue is known as the PQ quality problem [3–8]. Global symmetries are believed not to be fundamental, and arise as accidental symmetries e.g. in gauge theories. Well known examples are baryon and lepton numbers in the Standard Model (SM). Conceptually, there a
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