Beam of Ultrarelativistic Particles and Cherenkov Resonance
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ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Experiment
Beam of Ultrarelativistic Particles and Cherenkov Resonance G. F. Krymsky1), M. I. Pravdin†1) , I. E. Sleptsov1), and A. D. Krasilnikov1)* Received July 12, 2019; revised July 12, 2019; accepted July 12, 2019
Abstract—Earlier, we reported on registration of three sequential events with energies greater than 1019 eV with two installations of EAS (Yakutsk and Telescope Arrays) for one day. Here we take into account that a moving relativistic source creates a particle beam due to the Cherenkov effect. In this case, with a certain orientation of the direction of movement of the source relative to the observer and direction of the interstellar magnetic field, there is a mechanism that allows to explain the observed sequence of the recorded events. DOI: 10.1134/S1063778819660335
In [1] it is informed on registration of three sequential events of the arrival of particles with energies greater than 1019 eV with two extensive air shower (EAS) arrays for one day. There it was shown that the probability of a random coincidence of three events was extremely small, and it was suggested that a short-term particle beam hit the Earth. Here we discuss the possible mechanism of formation of the beam. The genetic relation of all three particles is possible only if they are emitted by a point source and sizes of the source do not exceed one light day. The celestial coordinates of the arrival points of particles contradict that. The angular distance between the first and third points is 27◦ . To get agreement on a hypothesis for a point source with the events observed is possible only if we assume that the source was moving. In Fig. 1 the celestial coordinates of all three events in the equatorial system are shown by circles. The sizes of circles approximately correspond to experimental errors. The line and points on it represent the best fit of the parameters under the assumption that the visible source of particles moved with a constant angular velocity. It is seen that the hypothesis for the movement of the source fits the observations well. This agreement significantly reduces the probability that three events coincided randomly. However, since the whole phenomenon lasted for a day, we have to conclude that the speed of the source exceeded the speed of light by many orders of magnitude. The seeming paradox can be overcome by attracting the mechanism that we call the Cherenkov resonance. The essence of the mechanism is that the
trajectories of ultrahigh-energy particles emitted by the source are bent in a regular magnetic field, which is natural to assume in the space between the source and the observer. There exists such a Larmor radius that on a segment of the source path dx the path length of the particle S will decrease by dS = dx/β, where β is the source speed in units of the speed of light. Particles emitted in this segment will come to the observer at the same time. This will happen only with those particles whose Larmor radius satisfies the above condition. The infinitely short duration of
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