Behavior of Individuals, Groups, and Networks
The study of biological evolution focuses on individual organisms and the reproduction and transformation of their DNA. But animals also have group behavior: birds have small families but also have large flocks; ants and bees have large communities. So fa
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Methods for Human History Studying Social, Cultural, and Biological Evolution
Methods for Human History
Patrick Manning
Methods for Human History Studying Social, Cultural, and Biological Evolution
Patrick Manning World History Center University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-53881-1 ISBN 978-3-030-53882-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53882-8 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover credit: Cindy Hopkins/Alamy Stock Photo Caption: Largo de Pelourinho, this plaza in the historic center of Salvador de Bahia, Brazil, once housed slave auctions (‘pelourinho’ translates as ‘whipping post’). It is now a center of music and dance and a UNESCO World Heritage site This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Acknowledgments
I wish to acknowledge the various experiences that have introduced me to the challenges and the pleasures of exploring academic knowledge across disciplinary boundaries. As an undergraduate at Caltech (1959–1963), I encountered ample doses of math, chemistry, and history, and smaller doses of physics, biology, English, geology, and economics, plus encouragement to link them. Working with Philip Curtin and Jan Vansina as a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin—Madison (1963–1967), I found that African History also included anthropology, linguistics, politics, and agricultural economics. I focused on economic history and took a second MS in economics with Jeffrey Williamson. Once I was teaching, William S. Griffiths introduced me to C-language programming as he guided me through my initial simulation of African populat
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